}

    // Helper: reflectively set private/protected field on an object
    private static void setField(Object target, Class<?> declaring, String name, Object value) {
        try {
            Field f = declaring.getDeclaredField(name);
            f.setAccessible(true);
            f.set(target, value);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);

     * @param args the array of objects to be passed as arguments to the constructor invocation
     * @return a new object created by invoking the constructor
     * @throws InstantiationRuntimeException if the class declaring the constructor is abstract
     * @throws IllegalAccessRuntimeException if the number of actual and formal parameters differ, if primitive arguments cannot be converted, or if the class is related to enums

   * its own.)
   */

  /** A special value to represent {@code null}. */
  static final Object NULL = new Object();

  /*
   * Despite declaring this field in AbstractFutureState, we still use the logger for
   * AbstractFuture: Users may have tests or log configuration that expects that to be the logger
   * used for exceptions from listeners, as it's been in the past.

   * its own.)
   */

  /** A special value to represent {@code null}. */
  static final Object NULL = new Object();

  /*
   * Despite declaring this field in AbstractFutureState, we still use the logger for
   * AbstractFuture: Users may have tests or log configuration that expects that to be the logger
   * used for exceptions from listeners, as it's been in the past.

   * Stream#findAny} (which you might as well use).
   *
   * @see Stream#findFirst()
   * @throws NullPointerException if the last element of the stream is null
   */
  /*
   * By declaring <T> instead of <T extends @Nullable Object>, we declare this method as requiring a
   * stream whose elements are non-null. However, the method goes out of its way to still handle

 * href="https://github.com/lukas-krecan/future-converter">Future Converter</a>.)
 *
 * <h3>Extension</h3>
 *
 * If you want a class like {@code FluentFuture} but with extra methods, we recommend declaring your
 * own subclass of {@link ListenableFuture}, complete with a method like {@link #from} to adapt an
 * existing {@code ListenableFuture}, implemented atop a {@link ForwardingListenableFuture} that

    }
  }

  /**
   * Thrown if the test fails to generate two distinct non-null values of a constructor or factory
   * parameter in order to test {@link Object#equals} and {@link Object#hashCode} of the declaring
   * class.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static final class ParameterHasNoDistinctValueException extends Exception {
    ParameterHasNoDistinctValueException(Parameter parameter) {
      super(

   * Stream#findAny} (which you might as well use).
   *
   * @see Stream#findFirst()
   * @throws NullPointerException if the last element of the stream is null
   */
  /*
   * By declaring <T> instead of <T extends @Nullable Object>, we declare this method as requiring a
   * stream whose elements are non-null. However, the method goes out of its way to still handle

 * asynchronously-computed intermediate value, or else an exception that indicates the failure or
 * cancellation of the operation so far. The only way to extract the value or exception from a step
 * is by declaring that step to be the last step of the pipeline. Nevertheless, we refer to the
 * "value" of a successful step or the "result" (value or exception) of any step.
 *
 * <ol>

 * It encapsulates the delay logic and exception handling, allowing subclasses to focus on
 * defining the specific delay behavior for each stage.
 *
 * <p>
 * This class defines the contract for delaying the crawling process at various points, such as:
 * </p>
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Before processing a URL ({@link #delayBeforeProcessing()})</li>
 *   <li>After processing a URL ({@link #delayAfterProcessing()})</li>