It is quite an extensive specification and covers several complex use cases.

It includes ways to authenticate using a "third party".

That's what all the systems with "login with Facebook, Google, X (Twitter), GitHub" use underneath.

### OAuth 1 { #oauth-1 }

There was an OAuth 1, which is very different from OAuth2, and more complex, as it included direct specifications on how to encrypt the communication.

    /**
     * This test primarily exists to ensure the constants interface can be loaded
     * and to provide a basic check of its values.
     * Since it's an interface with only static final fields, there is no complex logic to test.
     */
    @Test
    void testConstants() {
        // A simple assertion to verify that some of the constants have the expected values.

# Extra Data Types { #extra-data-types }

Up to now, you have been using common data types, like:

* `int`
* `float`
* `str`
* `bool`

But you can also use more complex data types.

And you will still have the same features as seen up to now:

* Great editor support.
* Data conversion from incoming requests.
* Data conversion for response data.
* Data validation.
* Automatic annotation and documentation.

        NtlmHttpURLConnection spiedConnection = spy(ntlmConnection);
        doNothing().when(spiedConnection).connect();
        // Mock the handshake process to do nothing complex
        mockResponse(HTTP_OK, "OK", null, null);

        // Act & Assert
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> spiedConnection.getResponseCode());
        // Use reflection to verify handshake method is called

        // The fact that the object is successfully created implies the super constructor was called.
    }

    // Additional tests could be added here if MsrpcSamrOpenAlias had more methods or complex logic.
    // For this specific class, the constructor is the main point of logic.

But here's the key point.

The security and dependency injection stuff is written once.

And you can make it as complex as you want. And still, have it written only once, in a single place. With all the flexibility.

But you can have thousands of endpoints (*path operations*) using the same security system.

* Validate **complex structures**:
    * Use of hierarchical Pydantic models, Python `typing`’s `List` and `Dict`, etc.
    * And validators allow complex data schemas to be clearly and easily defined, checked and documented as JSON Schema.

The most common is the implicit flow.

The most secure is the code flow, but it's more complex to implement as it requires more steps. As it is more complex, many providers end up suggesting the implicit flow.

/// note

It's common that each authentication provider names their flows in a different way, to make it part of their brand.

## Recap { #recap }

With what you have seen up to now, you can set up a secure **FastAPI** application using standards like OAuth2 and JWT.

In almost any framework handling the security becomes a rather complex subject quite quickly.

        }
    }

    @Nested
    class AttributeAndStateTests {

        @Test
        public void testGetTypeForFile() throws Exception {
            // Mocking underlying connection and info retrieval is complex.
            // This test focuses on the logic based on the URL structure.
            SmbFile file = new SmbFile("smb1://server/share/file.txt");
            // Without a real connection, getType relies on path parsing.