byte[] encode(Closure<Encoder> closure) {
        def bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream()
        encodeTo(bytes, closure)
        return bytes.toByteArray()
    }

    byte[] truncate(Closure<Encoder> closure) {
        def bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream()
        encodeTo(bytes, closure)
        def result = bytes.toByteArray()
        if (result.length < 2) {

// javadoc?
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class Bytes {
  private Bytes() {}

  /**
   * Returns a hash code for {@code value}; equal to the result of invoking {@code ((Byte)
   * value).hashCode()}.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Byte#hashCode(byte)} instead.
   *
   * @param value a primitive {@code byte} value
   * @return a hash code for the value
   */

// javadoc?
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class Bytes {
  private Bytes() {}

  /**
   * Returns a hash code for {@code value}; equal to the result of invoking {@code ((Byte)
   * value).hashCode()}.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Byte#hashCode(byte)} instead.
   *
   * @param value a primitive {@code byte} value
   * @return a hash code for the value
   */

        def text1 = "some text"
        def bytes1 = text1.bytes
        def text2 = "more"
        def bytes2 = text2.bytes

        when:
        async {
            start {
                def buffer = new byte[1024]

                def nread = stream.read(buffer)
                assert nread == bytes1.length
                assert new String(buffer, 0, nread) == text1

	var buf1 bytes.Buffer
	_, err := Fprint(&buf1, ast1, LineForm)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	bytes1 := buf1.Bytes()

	ast2, err := Parse(NewFileBase(filename), &buf1, nil, nil, 0)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	var buf2 bytes.Buffer
	_, err = Fprint(&buf2, ast2, LineForm)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	bytes2 := buf2.Bytes()

    bytesIn.writeByte(0x0a) // Literal name (len = 10)
    bytesIn.writeUtf8("custom-bar")
    bytesIn.writeByte(0x0d) // Literal value (len = 13)
    bytesIn.writeUtf8("custom-header")
    bytesIn.writeByte(0x40) // Literal indexed
    bytesIn.writeByte(0x0a) // Literal name (len = 10)
    bytesIn.writeUtf8("custom-baz")
    bytesIn.writeByte(0x0d) // Literal value (len = 13)
    bytesIn.writeUtf8("custom-header")

	name        string
	newPoint    func() Point
	scalarOrder []byte
}

// nistPoint is a generic constraint for the nistec Point types.
type nistPoint[T any] interface {
	Bytes() []byte
	BytesX() ([]byte, error)
	SetBytes([]byte) (T, error)
	ScalarMult(T, []byte) (T, error)
	ScalarBaseMult([]byte) (T, error)
}

func (c *nistCurve[Point]) String() string {
	return c.name
}

		addASN1IntBytes(b, r)
		addASN1IntBytes(b, s)
	})
	return b.Bytes()
}

// addASN1IntBytes encodes in ASN.1 a positive integer represented as
// a big-endian byte slice with zero or more leading zeroes.
func addASN1IntBytes(b *cryptobyte.Builder, bytes []byte) {
	for len(bytes) > 0 && bytes[0] == 0 {
		bytes = bytes[1:]
	}
	if len(bytes) == 0 {
		b.SetError(errors.New("invalid integer"))
		return
	}

// BytesX returns the encoding of the x-coordinate of p, as specified in SEC 1,
// Version 2.0, Section 2.3.5, or an error if p is the point at infinity.
func (p *{{.P}}Point) BytesX() ([]byte, error) {
	// This function is outlined to make the allocations inline in the caller
	// rather than happen on the heap.
	var out [{{.p}}ElementLength]byte
	return p.bytesX(&out)
}

// BytesX returns the encoding of the x-coordinate of p, as specified in SEC 1,
// Version 2.0, Section 2.3.5, or an error if p is the point at infinity.
func (p *P256Point) BytesX() ([]byte, error) {
	// This function is outlined to make the allocations inline in the caller
	// rather than happen on the heap.
	var out [p256ElementLength]byte
	return p.bytesX(&out)
}

func (p *P256Point) bytesX(out *[p256ElementLength]byte) ([]byte, error) {