if !cred.Expiration.IsZero() && !cred.Expiration.Equal(timeSentinel) {
		s.WriteString("\n")
		s.WriteString(cred.Expiration.String())
	}
	return s.String()
}

// IsExpired - returns whether Credential is expired or not.
func (cred Credentials) IsExpired() bool {
	if cred.Expiration.IsZero() || cred.Expiration.Equal(timeSentinel) {
		return false
	}

	return cred.Expiration.Before(time.Now().UTC())
}

					return nil, errAccessKeyDisabled
				}
				return nil, errInvalidAccessKeyID
			}
			cred := u.Credentials
			// Expired credentials return error.
			if cred.IsTemp() && cred.IsExpired() {
				return nil, errInvalidAccessKeyID
			}
			return []byte(cred.SecretKey), nil
		} // this means claims.AccessKey == rootAccessKey
		if !globalAPIConfig.permitRootAccess() {

    V value = entry.getValueReference().get();
    if (value == null) {
      return null;
    }

    if (isExpired(entry, now)) {
      return null;
    }
    return value;
  }

  // expiration

  /** Returns true if the entry has expired. */
  boolean isExpired(ReferenceEntry<K, V> entry, long now) {
    checkNotNull(entry);

	return ies.addUser(ctx, user, userType, u, m)
}

func (ies *IAMEtcdStore) addUser(ctx context.Context, user string, userType IAMUserType, u UserIdentity, m map[string]UserIdentity) error {
	if u.Credentials.IsExpired() {
		// Delete expired identity.
		deleteKeyEtcd(ctx, ies.client, getUserIdentityPath(user, userType))
		deleteKeyEtcd(ctx, ies.client, getMappedPolicyPath(user, userType, false))
		return nil
	}

		// validate token for temporary credentials only.
		return nil, ErrInvalidToken
	}

	// Expired credentials must return error right away.
	if cred.IsTemp() && cred.IsExpired() {
		return nil, toAPIErrorCode(r.Context(), errInvalidAccessKeyID)
	}
	secret := globalActiveCred.SecretKey
	if globalSiteReplicationSys.isEnabled() && cred.AccessKey != siteReplicatorSvcAcc {

	err := iamOS.loadIAMConfig(ctx, &u, getUserIdentityPath(user, userType))
	if err != nil {
		if err == errConfigNotFound {
			return u, errNoSuchUser
		}
		return u, err
	}

	if u.Credentials.IsExpired() {
		// Delete expired identity - ignoring errors here.
		iamOS.deleteIAMConfig(ctx, getUserIdentityPath(user, userType))
		iamOS.deleteIAMConfig(ctx, getMappedPolicyPath(user, userType, false))
		return u, errNoSuchUser

	// External (actual) LDAP DN to internal normalized representation
	actualDNToParentUserMap := make(map[string]string)
	for _, cred := range allCreds {
		// Expired credentials don't need parent user updates.
		if cred.IsExpired() {
			continue
		}

		if !sys.LDAPConfig.IsLDAPUserDN(cred.ParentUser) {
			continue
		}

		// Check if this is the first time we are
		// encountering this LDAP user.

// credential.
func (store *IAMStoreSys) SetTempUser(ctx context.Context, accessKey string, cred auth.Credentials, policyName string) (time.Time, error) {
	if accessKey == "" || !cred.IsTemp() || cred.IsExpired() || cred.ParentUser == "" {
		return time.Time{}, errInvalidArgument
	}

	ttl := int64(cred.Expiration.Sub(UTCNow()).Seconds())

	cache := store.lock()
	defer store.unlock()

					fmt.Errorf("Unable to heal service account from peer site %s -> %s : %w", latestPeerName, peerName, err),
					fmt.Sprintf("heal-user-%s", user))
			}
			continue
		}
		if creds.IsTemp() && !creds.IsExpired() {
			var parentPolicy string
			u, err := globalIAMSys.GetUserInfo(ctx, creds.ParentUser)
			if err != nil {
				// Parent may be "virtual" (for ldap, oidc, client tls auth,