* - Tab (0x9)
     * - Line feed (0xA)
     * - Carriage return (0xD)
     * - Any character between 0x20 and 0xD7FF
     * - Any character between 0xE000 and 0xFFFD
     * - Any character between 0x10000 and 0x10FFFF
     *
     * @param in the input string to be processed
     * @return a new string with invalid XML characters removed, or the original
     *         string if it is empty
     */

          +
          // Three byte characters
          THREE_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_CHARACTERS;

  // 1,048,576 [chars 0x10000L to 0x10FFFF]
  private static final long FOUR_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_CHARACTERS = 0x10FFFF - 0x10000L + 1;

  // 289,571,839
  private static final long EXPECTED_FOUR_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_COUNT =
      // All one byte characters

 * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#supplementary_code_point">supplementary Unicode code
 * points</a> in the range {@code 0x10000} to {@code 0x10FFFF} which includes the majority of
 * assigned characters, including important CJK characters and emoji.
 *
 * <p>Supplementary characters are <a

            assertEquals(value & 0xFFFF, result);
        } else {
            SessionServicePacket.writeInt4(value, buffer, 0);
            int result = SessionServicePacket.readInt4(buffer, 0);
            assertEquals(value, result);
        }
    }

    private static Stream<Arguments> provideRoundTripTestData() {

        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x8001, buffer, offset + 4); // Share flags (DFS | ENCRYPT_DATA)
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x28, buffer, offset + 8); // Capabilities (DFS | SCALEOUT)
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x1F01FF, buffer, offset + 12); // Maximal access

        // When
        int bytesRead = response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, offset);

        // Then
        assertEquals(16, bytesRead);

            }

            // there seems to be a bug with some servers that causes corruption if using signatures + CAP_LARGE_WRITE
            if (th.hasCapability(SmbConstants.CAP_LARGE_WRITEX) && !th.areSignaturesActive()) {
                this.writeSize = Math.min(th.getConfig().getSendBufferSize() - 70, 0xFFFF - 70);
            }

            this.fp = 0L;

            this.largeReadX = true;
            this.readSizeFile =
                    Math.min(th.getConfig().getReceiveBufferSize() - 70, th.areSignaturesActive() ? 0xFFFF - 70 : 0xFFFFFF - 70);
            log.debug("Enabling LARGE_READX with " + this.readSizeFile);
        } else {
            log.debug("LARGE_READX disabled");
            this.readSizeFile = this.readSize;
        }

        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("Should encode consistently with various flag values")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 16, 0xFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, -1 })
        void testEncodingWithVariousFlags(int flags) {
            lock = new Smb2Lock(1024L, 2048L, flags);
            int encoded = lock.encode(buffer, 0);

    void testNegativeFidValue() {
        int fid = -1; // Will be treated as 0xFFFF in unsigned 16-bit
        notifyChange = new NtTransNotifyChange(mockConfig, fid, FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME, false);
        byte[] dst = new byte[10];

        notifyChange.writeSetupWireFormat(dst, 0);

        // Should write as 0xFFFF (65535 in unsigned)
        assertEquals(0xFFFF, SMBUtil.readInt2(dst, 4));
    }

    @Test

        buffer.putShort(0, (short) 0xFFFF);
        assertEquals(0xFFFF, NtlmMessage.readUShort(data, 0), "Should read max UShort correctly.");

        // Test with a negative short (should be interpreted as unsigned positive)
        buffer.putShort(0, (short) -1); // -1 is 0xFFFF
        assertEquals(0xFFFF, NtlmMessage.readUShort(data, 0), "Should interpret -1 as unsigned max UShort.");
    }