OAuth2 is a specification that defines several ways to handle authentication and authorization.

It is quite an extensive specification and covers several complex use cases.

It includes ways to authenticate using a "third party".

That's what all the systems with "login with Facebook, Google, X (Twitter), GitHub" use underneath.

### OAuth 1 { #oauth-1 }

It means that **FastAPI** was specifically tested with the editors used by 80% of the Python developers. And as most of the other editors tend to work similarly, all its benefits should work for virtually all editors.

That way I could find the best ways to reduce code duplication as much as possible, to have completion everywhere, type and error checks, etc.

                This is useful when you want to have optional authentication.

                It is also useful when you want to have authentication that can be
                provided in one of multiple optional ways (for example, in a query
                parameter or in an HTTP Bearer token).
                """
            ),
        ] = True,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            location=APIKeyIn.query,

            QueryOp.create(
                "count",
                (ms, o) -> {
                  int unused = ms.count(o);
                },
                Math::log)));
  }

  /** All the ways to create an ImmutableMultiset. */
  enum ConstructionPathway implements Construction<Multiset<Object>> {
    COPY_OF_COLLECTION {
      @Override
      public ImmutableMultiset<Object> create(List<?> keys) {

/// info

To declare cookies, you need to use `Cookie`, because otherwise the parameters would be interpreted as query parameters.

///

/// info

Have in mind that, as **browsers handle cookies** in special ways and behind the scenes, they **don't** easily allow **JavaScript** to touch them.

If you go to the **API docs UI** at `/docs` you will be able to see the **documentation** for cookies for your *path operations*.

                This is useful when you want to have optional authentication.

                It is also useful when you want to have authentication that can be
                provided in one of multiple optional ways (for example, in HTTP Basic
                authentication or in an HTTP Bearer token).
                """
            ),
        ] = True,
    ):

import com.google.caliper.Benchmark;
import com.google.caliper.Param;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Benchmark for various ways to create an {@code ImmutableList}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class ImmutableListCreationBenchmark {

  @Param({"10", "1000", "1000000"})
  int size;

import java.util.Optional;

import org.apache.maven.api.services.Lookup;
import org.apache.maven.api.services.LookupException;

import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;

/**
 * Proto-{@link Lookup} offer ways to provide early components to invoker.
 */
public class ProtoLookup implements Lookup {
    private final Map<Class<?>, Object> components;

    private ProtoLookup(Map<Class<?>, Object> components) {

This is normally the best way to contribute to the project.

## External Contributions

External contributions are very welcome and appreciated, including answering questions, submitting PRs, etc. 🙇‍♂️

                This is useful when you want to have optional authentication.

                It is also useful when you want to have authentication that can be
                provided in one of multiple optional ways (for example, with OAuth2
                or in a cookie).
                """
            ),
        ] = True,
    ):
        self.model = OAuth2Model(