import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * Phantom reference with a {@code finalizeReferent()} method which a background thread invokes
 * after the garbage collector reclaims the referent. This is a simpler alternative to using a
 * {@link ReferenceQueue}.
 *
 * <p>Unlike a normal phantom reference, this reference will be cleared automatically.
 *
 * @author Bob Lee
 * @since 2.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible

But I'll show you how to improve that next. 🤓

## Custom Operation IDs and Better Method Names

You can **modify** the way these operation IDs are **generated** to make them simpler and have **simpler method names** in the clients.

In this case you will have to ensure that each operation ID is **unique** in some other way.

import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * Soft reference with a {@code finalizeReferent()} method which a background thread invokes after
 * the garbage collector reclaims the referent. This is a simpler alternative to using a {@link
 * ReferenceQueue}.
 *
 * @author Bob Lee
 * @since 2.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * Weak reference with a {@code finalizeReferent()} method which a background thread invokes after
 * the garbage collector reclaims the referent. This is a simpler alternative to using a {@link
 * ReferenceQueue}.
 *
 * @author Bob Lee
 * @since 2.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * Weak reference with a {@code finalizeReferent()} method which a background thread invokes after
 * the garbage collector reclaims the referent. This is a simpler alternative to using a {@link
 * ReferenceQueue}.
 *
 * @author Bob Lee
 * @since 2.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

package ioutil

import (
	"io"
)

// Discard is just like io.Discard without the io.ReaderFrom compatible
// implementation which is buggy on NUMA systems, we have to use a simpler
// io.Writer implementation alone avoids also unnecessary buffer copies,
// and as such incurred latencies.
var Discard io.Writer = discard{}

// discard is /dev/null for Golang.
type discard struct{}

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

But FastAPI (actually Starlette) provides a simpler way to do it that makes sure that the internal middlewares handle server errors and custom exception handlers work properly.

For that, you use `app.add_middleware()` (as in the example for CORS).

```Python

 * Doing it correctly would require running a Gradle build with the full
 * distribution and extracting the generated api jar from its Gradle user home,
 * slowing down building documentation.
 *
 * All this would be so much simpler if the Kotlin extensions to the Gradle API
 * were generated at build time instead.
 *
 * This is a first step to get the doc to be complete and will be revisited.
 */
@CacheableTask

When you check the benchmarks, it is common to see several tools of different types compared as equivalent.

Specifically, to see Uvicorn, Starlette and FastAPI compared together (among many other tools).

The simpler the problem solved by the tool, the better performance it will get. And most of the benchmarks don't test the additional features provided by the tool.

The hierarchy is like:

* **Uvicorn**: an ASGI server

Additionally, it has a fake client variant, that does the same thing but with fake clients for use in unit tests.

Aside from this, there are a few conveniences and workarounds built-in to the client to make things simpler.

*All Istio Kubernetes usage should use this library and not operate on Kubernetes clients directly.*