addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    Set<Integer> n1AdjacentNodes = network.adjacentNodes(N1);
    Set<Integer> n2AdjacentNodes = network.adjacentNodes(N2);
    Set<Integer> n1Predecessors = network.predecessors(N1);
    Set<Integer> n2Predecessors = network.predecessors(N2);
    Set<Integer> n1Successors = network.successors(N1);
    Set<Integer> n2Successors = network.successors(N2);
    Set<String> n1IncidentEdges = network.incidentEdges(N1);

    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();

    addNode(N2);
    Set<Integer> predecessors = graph.predecessors(N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> predecessors.add(N1));
    putEdge(N1, N2);
    assertThat(graph.predecessors(N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(predecessors);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void successors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();

    addNode(N2);
    Set<Integer> predecessors = graph.predecessors(N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> predecessors.add(N1));
    putEdge(N1, N2);
    assertThat(graph.predecessors(N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(predecessors);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void successors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

  @Override
  public Set<N> predecessors() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableSet(predecessorsMultiset().elementSet());
  }

  private Multiset<N> predecessorsMultiset() {
    Multiset<N> predecessors = getReference(predecessorsReference);
    if (predecessors == null) {
      predecessors = HashMultiset.create(inEdgeMap.values());

  @Override
  public Set<N> predecessors() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableSet(predecessorsMultiset().elementSet());
  }

  private Multiset<N> predecessorsMultiset() {
    Multiset<N> predecessors = getReference(predecessorsReference);
    if (predecessors == null) {
      predecessors = HashMultiset.create(inEdgeMap.values());

                      Iterators.transform(
                          graph.predecessors(node).iterator(),
                          (N predecessor) -> EndpointPair.ordered(predecessor, node)),
                      Iterators.transform(
                          // filter out 'node' from successors (already covered by predecessors,
                          // above)

 * which has a method {@code getParents()} that retrieves its predecessors in a graph:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, MyNode::getParents);
 * }
 *
 * <p>If you have some other mechanism for returning the predecessors of a node, or one that doesn't
 * return a {@code Iterable<? extends N>}, then you can use a lambda to perform a more general

  @Test
  public void predecessors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {
    addNode(N2);
    Set<Integer> predecessors = network.predecessors(N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> predecessors.add(N1));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.predecessors(N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(predecessors);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void successors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();

    addNode(N2);
    Set<Integer> predecessors = network.predecessors(N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> predecessors.add(N1));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.predecessors(N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(predecessors);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void successors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();

    addNode(N2);
    Set<Integer> predecessors = network.predecessors(N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> predecessors.add(N1));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.predecessors(N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(predecessors);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void successors_checkReturnedSetMutability() {