redundancy or better drive space utilization.

To get an idea of how various combinations of data and parity drives affect the storage usage, let’s take an example of a 100 MiB file stored
on 16 drive MinIO deployment. If you use eight data and eight parity drives, the file space usage will be approximately twice, i.e. 100 MiB
file will take 200 MiB space. But, if you use ten data and six parity drives, same 100 MiB file takes around 160 MiB. If you use 14 data and

  internal const val B1_FLAG_MASK = 128

  /**
   * Byte 1 mask for the payload length.
   *
   * If this value is [PAYLOAD_SHORT], the next two
   * bytes represent the length. If this value is [PAYLOAD_LONG], the next eight bytes
   * represent the length.
   */
  internal const val B1_MASK_LENGTH = 127

  internal const val OPCODE_CONTINUATION = 0x0
  internal const val OPCODE_TEXT = 0x1
  internal const val OPCODE_BINARY = 0x2

            "five", 5,
            "six", 6,
            "seven", 7,
            "eight", 8),
        "one",
        1,
        "two",
        2,
        "three",
        3,
        "four",
        4,
        "five",
        5,
        "six",
        6,
        "seven",
        7,
        "eight",
        8);
    assertMapEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of(
            "one", 1,

    return Ints.fromBytes(b4, b3, b2, b1);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a {@code long} as specified by {@link DataInputStream#readLong()}, except using
   * little-endian byte order.
   *
   * @return the next eight bytes of the input stream, interpreted as a {@code long} in
   *     little-endian byte order
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override

	gf2MatrixSquare(even, odd)

	// put operator for four zero bits in odd
	gf2MatrixSquare(odd, even)

	// apply len2 zeros to crc1 (first square will put the operator for one
	// zero byte, eight zero bits, in even)
	crc1n := uint64(crc1)
	for {
		// apply zeros operator for this bit of len2
		gf2MatrixSquare(even, odd)
		if len2&1 != 0 {
			crc1n = gf2MatrixTimes(even, crc1n)
		}
		len2 >>= 1

 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

/**
 * Static utilities for the eight primitive types and {@code void}, and value types for treating
 * them as unsigned or storing them in immutable arrays.
 *
 * <p>This package is a part of the open-source <a href="https://github.com/google/guava">Guava</a>

            right ^= fval;
        }

        right = right << 31 | right >>> 1;
        work = (leftt ^ right) & 0xaaaaaaaa;
        leftt ^= work;
        right ^= work;
        leftt = leftt << 31 | leftt >>> 1;
        work = (leftt >>> 8 ^ right) & 0x00ff00ff;
        right ^= work;
        leftt ^= work << 8;
        work = (leftt >>> 2 ^ right) & 0x33333333;
        right ^= work;

    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.toDer(-549755813887L)).isEqualTo(bytes)
  }

  @Test fun `eight zeros`() {
    val bytes = "020200ff".decodeHex()
    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.fromDer(bytes)).isEqualTo(255)
    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.toDer(255)).isEqualTo(bytes)
  }

  @Test fun `eight ones`() {
    val bytes = "0201ff".decodeHex()

   * {@code int} value in little-endian order.
   *
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code bits() < 32}
   */
  public abstract int asInt();

  /**
   * Returns the first eight bytes of {@linkplain #asBytes() this hashcode's bytes}, converted to a
   * {@code long} value in little-endian order.
   *
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code bits() < 64}
   */
  public abstract long asLong();

   * perform better than its longhand equivalent, but should not perform worse.
   *
   * @since 12.0
   */
  HashCode hashInt(int input);

  /**
   * Shortcut for {@code newHasher().putLong(input).hash()}; returns the hash code for the given
   * {@code long} value, interpreted in little-endian byte order. The implementation <i>might</i>