addNode(N1);
    addNode(N2);
    Set<String> edgesConnecting = network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> edgesConnecting.add(E23));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(edgesConnecting);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void inEdges_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    addNode(N1);
    addNode(N2);
    Set<String> edgesConnecting = network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> edgesConnecting.add(E23));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(edgesConnecting);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void inEdges_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    assertTrue(networkAsMutableNetwork.removeEdge(E11_A));
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N1)).containsExactly(E11);
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactly(E12);
    assertTrue(networkAsMutableNetwork.removeEdge(E11));
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N1)).isEmpty();
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactly(E12);
  }

  @Test

    addNode(N1);
    addNode(N2);
    Set<String> edgesConnecting = network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> edgesConnecting.add(E23));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(edgesConnecting);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void inEdges_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    addNode(N1);
    addNode(N2);
    Set<String> edgesConnecting = network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> edgesConnecting.add(E23));
    addEdge(N1, N2, E12);
    assertThat(network.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).containsExactlyElementsIn(edgesConnecting);
  }

  @Override
  @Test
  public void inEdges_checkReturnedSetMutability() {

    Set<E> edgesConnecting = edgesConnecting(nodeU, nodeV);
    switch (edgesConnecting.size()) {
      case 0:
        return null;
      case 1:
        return edgesConnecting.iterator().next();
      default:
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(MULTIPLE_EDGES_CONNECTING, nodeU, nodeV));
    }
  }

  @Override
  @CheckForNull

    assertThat(directedGraph.edges()).isEmpty();
    assertThat(directedGraph.addEdge(N1, N2, E12)).isTrue();
    assertThat(directedGraph.edgesConnecting(N1, N2)).isEqualTo(ImmutableSet.of(E12));
    assertThat(directedGraph.edgesConnecting(N2, N1)).isEmpty();

    // By default, parallel edges are not allowed.
    IllegalArgumentException e =

      }
    };
  }

  @Override
  @CheckForNull
  public E edgeConnectingOrNull(N nodeU, N nodeV) {
    Set<E> edgesConnecting = edgesConnecting(nodeU, nodeV);
    switch (edgesConnecting.size()) {
      case 0:
        return null;
      case 1:
        return edgesConnecting.iterator().next();
      default:
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(MULTIPLE_EDGES_CONNECTING, nodeU, nodeV));

   *
   * <p>In an undirected network, this is equal to {@code edgesConnecting(nodeV, nodeU)}.
   *
   * <p>The resulting set of edges will be parallel (i.e. have equal {@link
   * #incidentNodes(Object)}). If this network does not {@link #allowsParallelEdges() allow parallel
   * edges}, the resulting set will contain at most one edge (equivalent to {@code
   * edgeConnecting(nodeU, nodeV).asSet()}).
   *

          + "so it cannot be reused to connect the following nodes: %s.";
  static final String MULTIPLE_EDGES_CONNECTING =
      "Cannot call edgeConnecting() when parallel edges exist between %s and %s. Consider calling "
          + "edgesConnecting() instead.";
  static final String PARALLEL_EDGES_NOT_ALLOWED =
      "Nodes %s and %s are already connected by a different edge. To construct a graph "