byte[] key7 = Arrays.copyOfRange(key14, 0, 7);
        byte[] data8 = NtlmUtil.S8;
        byte[] out14 = new byte[16];
        byte[] out7 = new byte[8];

        // Act
        NtlmUtil.E(key14, data8, out14);
        NtlmUtil.E(key7, data8, out7);

        // Assert: first block identical to single-chunk encryption
        assertArrayEquals(Arrays.copyOfRange(out14, 0, 8), out7);

            Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 0);
            bytesWritten = request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);

            assertEquals(49, bytesWritten);
            assertArrayEquals(Arrays.copyOfRange(longFileId, 0, 16), Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 16, 32));
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("ReadBytesWireFormat Tests")
    class ReadBytesWireFormatTests {

        @Test

      ByteStreams.copy(inChannel, outChannel);
    }
    byte[] actual = out.toByteArray();
    for (int i = 0; i < 500 * chunkSize; i += chunkSize) {
      assertThat(Arrays.copyOfRange(actual, i, i + chunkSize)).isEqualTo(dummyData);
    }
  }

  public void testReadFully() throws IOException {
    byte[] b = new byte[10];

    assertThrows(

      ByteStreams.copy(inChannel, outChannel);
    }
    byte[] actual = out.toByteArray();
    for (int i = 0; i < 500 * chunkSize; i += chunkSize) {
      assertThat(Arrays.copyOfRange(actual, i, i + chunkSize)).isEqualTo(dummyData);
    }
  }

  public void testReadFully() throws IOException {
    byte[] b = new byte[10];

    assertThrows(

            // Then
            assertNotNull(bytes);
            // Verify challenge
            assertArrayEquals(TEST_CHALLENGE, Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 24, 32));
            // Verify context
            assertArrayEquals(testContext, Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 32, 40));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("toByteArray should include target and target info correctly")

            assertEquals(6, largeEncodedSize);

            // Verify data at different positions
            assertArrayEquals(Arrays.copyOfRange(smallBuffer, 0, smallEncodedSize),
                    Arrays.copyOfRange(largeBuffer, 500, 500 + largeEncodedSize));
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Constants Tests")
    class ConstantsTest {

        @Test

            assertEquals(4, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, 2));
            assertEquals(PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext.HASH_ALGO_SHA512, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, 4));
            assertArrayEquals(salt, Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 6, 10));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode multiple hash algorithms with salt")
        void testEncodeMultipleHashAlgosWithSalt() {

        int bytesWritten = hmac.engineDigest(buffer, 5, 16);

        assertEquals(16, bytesWritten);
        // Check that bytes were written to the correct position
        byte[] extractedResult = Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 5, 21);
        assertEquals(16, extractedResult.length);
    }

    @Test
    void testEngineDigestWithInsufficientBuffer() {
        // Test engineDigest with buffer too small

    @Override
    public int bits() {
      return 32;
    }

    @Override
    public HashCode hashBytes(byte[] input, int off, int len) {
      return HashCode.fromBytes(Arrays.copyOfRange(input, off, off + len));
    }
  }

   * {@code array}, or {@code -1} if there is no such occurrence.
   *
   * <p>More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that {@code Arrays.copyOfRange(array,
   * i, i + target.length)} contains exactly the same elements as {@code target}.
   *
   * @param array the array to search for the sequence {@code target}