*
     * @param a first operand
     * @param b second operand
     * @return sum of a and b
     * @throws ArithmeticException if overflow occurs
     */
    public static int safeAdd(int a, int b) {
        validateIntegerAddition(a, b, "Addition");
        return a + b;
    }

    /**
     * Safe integer multiplication with overflow check
     *
     * @param a first operand

            integerOverflowsPrevented.incrementAndGet();
            log.warn("Integer overflow in addition: {} + {} = {}", a, b, result);
            throw new SmbException("Integer overflow detected");
        }
        return (int) result;
    }

    /**
     * Safely multiply integers checking for overflow
     *
     * @param a first value
     * @param b second value
     * @return product

      // overflow, return.
      return naiveSum;
    }
    // we did over/under flow, if the sign is negative we should return MAX otherwise MIN
    return Long.MAX_VALUE + ((naiveSum >>> (Long.SIZE - 1)) ^ 1);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the difference of {@code a} and {@code b} unless it would overflow or underflow in

import jcifs.internal.util.SMBUtil;

/**
 * Security-focused test cases for Smb2NegotiateResponse input validation.
 * Tests various malformed input scenarios to ensure proper validation and
 * protection against buffer overflow, integer overflow, and other attacks.
 */
public class Smb2NegotiateResponseInputValidationTest {

    private Configuration mockConfig;
    private Smb2NegotiateResponse response;

    @BeforeEach

  }

  public void testOrderedPermutationSetSizeOverflow() {
    // 12 elements won't overflow
    assertEquals(
        479001600 /*12!*/,
        Collections2.orderedPermutations(newArrayList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12))
            .size());
    // 13 elements overflow an int
    assertEquals(
        Integer.MAX_VALUE,

		width: 200px;
	}
	.searchFormBox {
		margin-top: 4em;
	}
	#result .info {
		display: none;
	}
	#result .more {
		display: block;
	}
	#result .description {
		overflow: hidden;
		text-overflow: ellipsis;
		white-space: nowrap;
	}

            try {
                // Exponential backoff with overflow protection - ensure safe calculation
                if (retryDelayMs > 0) {
                    // Safe calculation preventing overflow: use Math.max(0, retryCount - 1) and limit shift
                    int safeShift = Math.min(MAX_BACKOFF_SHIFT, Math.max(0, retryCount - 1));

      val increment = (m - n) * (h + 1)
      if (delta > Int.MAX_VALUE - increment) return false // Prevent overflow.
      delta += increment

      n = m

      for (c in input) {
        if (c < n) {
          if (delta == Int.MAX_VALUE) return false // Prevent overflow.
          delta++
        } else if (c == n) {
          var q = delta

    if (!condition) {
      throw new ArithmeticException("overflow: " + methodName + "(" + a + ", " + b + ")");
    }
  }

  static void checkNoOverflow(boolean condition, String methodName, long a, long b) {
    if (!condition) {
      throw new ArithmeticException("overflow: " + methodName + "(" + a + ", " + b + ")");
    }
  }

  private MathPreconditions() {}

            verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockBuffer);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode masked overflow value correctly")
        void testEncodeMaskedValue() throws NdrException {
            // Given: NdrShort with overflow value that gets masked
            int inputValue = 300; // 300 & 0xFF = 44
            NdrShort ndrShort = new NdrShort(inputValue);