assertThat(Shorts.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Shorts.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Shorts.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Shorts.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))
        .isEqualTo(new short[] {(short) 1, (short) 1, (short) 1});
    assertThat(Shorts.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234))

    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(new double[] {1.0, 1.0, 1.0});
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234)).isEqualTo(new double[] {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0});
  }

    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))
        .isEqualTo(new int[] {(int) 1, (int) 1, (int) 1});
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234))

    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))
        .isEqualTo(new char[] {(char) 1, (char) 1, (char) 1});
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234))

 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link #get(String)}: Retrieves an array of values associated with the specified key.</li>
 * <li>{@link #add(String, Object)}: Adds a key-value pair to the settings array.</li>
 * <li>{@link #delete(String)}: Deletes all entries associated with the specified key.</li>
 * <li>{@link #delete(String, String)}: Deletes a specific key-value pair from the settings array.</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Protected Methods:
 * <ul>

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static long[] concat(long[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (long[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    long[] result = new long[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (long[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;
  }

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static short[] concat(short[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    short[] result = new short[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static short[] concat(short[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    short[] result = new short[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static int[] concat(int[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (int[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    int[] result = new int[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (int[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;
  }

        Arrays.sort(inputs);

        if (id == 0) {
            // create
            newInputs = inputs;
            newOutput = output;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the array of new input character sequences for update operations.
     * Returns a defensive copy to prevent external modification.
     *