The query parameter `q` is of type `str | None`, that means that it's of type `str` but could also be `None`, and indeed, the default value is `None`, so FastAPI will know it's not required.

/// note

FastAPI will know that the value of `q` is not required because of the default value `= None`.

Having `str | None` will allow your editor to give you better support and detect errors.

///

    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str`.
* `datetime.datetime`:
    * A Python `datetime.datetime`.
    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str` in ISO 8601 format, like: `2008-09-15T15:53:00+05:00`.
* `datetime.date`:
    * Python `datetime.date`.
    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str` in ISO 8601 format, like: `2008-09-15`.
* `datetime.time`:

```Python hl_lines="1"
async def needy_dependency(fresh_value: Annotated[str, Depends(get_value, use_cache=False)]):
    return {"fresh_value": fresh_value}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+ non-Annotated

/// tip

Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

///

```Python hl_lines="1"
async def needy_dependency(fresh_value: str = Depends(get_value, use_cache=False)):
    return {"fresh_value": fresh_value}

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

Using `Optional[str]` instead of just `str` will let the editor help you detect errors where you could be assuming that a value is always a `str`, when it could actually be `None` too.

`Optional[Something]` is actually a shortcut for `Union[Something, None]`, they are equivalent.

This also means that in Python 3.10, you can use `Something | None`:

### Erstellen Sie eine `Enum`-Klasse

Importieren Sie `Enum` und erstellen Sie eine Unterklasse, die von `str` und `Enum` erbt.

Indem Sie von `str` erben, weiß die API Dokumentation, dass die Werte des Enums vom Typ `str` sein müssen, und wird in der Lage sein, korrekt zu rendern.

Erstellen Sie dann Klassen-Attribute mit festgelegten Werten, welches die erlaubten Werte sein werden:

        Smb2LeaseKey key = new Smb2LeaseKey(testBytes);
        String str = key.toString();

        assertTrue(str.startsWith("LeaseKey["));
        assertTrue(str.endsWith("]"));
        assertTrue(str.contains("00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F"));
    }

| Parameter | Type | Description |
|------------|------|-------------|
| `title` | `str` | The title of the API. |
| `summary` | `str` | A short summary of the API. <small>Available since OpenAPI 3.1.0, FastAPI 0.99.0.</small> |
| `description` | `str` | A short description of the API. It can use Markdown. |

     */
    private String sanitizeForLog(String str) {
        if (str == null) {
            return "null";
        }

        // Truncate long strings
        if (str.length() > 100) {
            str = str.substring(0, 100) + "...";
        }

        // Remove control characters
        return str.replaceAll("[\\x00-\\x1F\\x7F]", "?");
    }

    /**

from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")

### Membuat class `Enum`

Import `Enum` dan buat *sub-class* warisan dari `str` dan `Enum`.

Dengan warisan dari `str` dokumen API mengetahui nilai nya harus berjenis `string` supaya bisa digunakan dengan benar.

Kemudian buat atribut *class* dengan nilai tetap *string* yang benar: