{* ../../docs_src/request_files/tutorial001_an_py39.py hl[14] *}

Using `UploadFile` has several advantages over `bytes`:

* You don't have to use `File()` in the default value of the parameter.
* It uses a "spooled" file:
    * A file stored in memory up to a maximum size limit, and after passing this limit it will be stored in disk.

        PooledObject<TestComponent> pooled1 = factory.wrap(component);
        assertNotNull(pooled1);

        // Test wrapping same object multiple times
        PooledObject<TestComponent> pooled2 = factory.wrap(component);
        assertNotNull(pooled2);
        assertNotSame(pooled1, pooled2); // Different PooledObject instances
        assertSame(pooled1.getObject(), pooled2.getObject()); // Same wrapped object
    }

    @DisplayName("Should distinguish between pooled and non-pooled connections")
    void testPooledVsNonPooledConnections() {
        // When: Create pooled and non-pooled connections
        SmbTransportImpl pooled = pool.getSmbTransport(ctx, address, 445, false);
        SmbTransportImpl nonPooled = pool.getSmbTransport(ctx, address, 445, true);

        // Then: Pool should track pooled but not non-pooled

        // Could implement a more sophisticated buffer pool here
    }

    /**
     * Clean up all pooled regions
     *
     * This method should be called when shutting down to
     * release all resources.
     */
    public void cleanup() {
        // Clean up all pooled regions
        RdmaMemoryRegion region;

        while ((region = availableSendRegions.poll()) != null) {

    // If we raced another call connecting to this host, coalesce the connections. This makes for
    // 3 different lookups in the connection pool!
    val pooled3 = routePlanner.planReusePooledConnection(this, routes)
    if (pooled3 != null) return pooled3.connection

    connection.withLock {
      connectionPool.put(connection)
      user.acquireConnectionNoEvents(connection)
    }

            "input": "plumbus"
        }
    ]
}
```

## Summary { #summary }

You can use **Pydantic models** to declare **query parameters** in **FastAPI**. 😎

/// tip

Spoiler alert: you can also use Pydantic models to declare cookies and headers, but you will read about that later in the tutorial. 🤫

  /**
   * Returns a fluent iterable that combines two iterables. The returned iterable has an iterator
   * that traverses the elements in {@code a}, followed by the elements in {@code b}. The source
   * iterators are not polled until necessary.
   *
   * <p>The returned iterable's iterator supports {@code remove()} when the corresponding input
   * iterator supports it.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@link Stream#concat}.

  /**
   * Returns a fluent iterable that combines two iterables. The returned iterable has an iterator
   * that traverses the elements in {@code a}, followed by the elements in {@code b}. The source
   * iterators are not polled until necessary.
   *
   * <p>The returned iterable's iterator supports {@code remove()} when the corresponding input
   * iterator supports it.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@link Stream#concat}.

        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> bufferManager.cleanup());

        // After cleanup, all regions should be released (but the count may not match exactly
        // if some regions were pooled rather than immediately released)
        assertTrue(bufferManager.getTotalReleased() > 0, "Some regions should be released during cleanup");
        assertEquals(allocatedBeforeCleanup, bufferManager.getTotalReleased(),

    }

    @Test
    public void testMultiplePipeNames() {
        // Test with various pipe names
        String[] pipeNames = { "\\\\pipe\\test", "\\\\pipe\\PIPE\\sql\\query", "\\\\pipe\\spoolss", "\\\\pipe\\winreg" };

        for (String pipeName : pipeNames) {
            TransWaitNamedPipe pipe = new TransWaitNamedPipe(pipeName);