# Handling Errors { #handling-errors }

There are many situations in which you need to notify an error to a client that is using your API.

This client could be a browser with a frontend, a code from someone else, an IoT device, etc.

You could need to tell the client that:

* The client doesn't have enough privileges for that operation.
* The client doesn't have access to that resource.
* The item the client was trying to access doesn't exist.
* etc.

Taking data from:

* The path as parameters.
* Headers.
* Cookies.
* etc.

And by doing so, **FastAPI** is validating that data, converting it and generating documentation for your API automatically.

But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object directly.

## Details about the `Request` object { #details-about-the-request-object }

# CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) { #cors-cross-origin-resource-sharing }

[CORS or "Cross-Origin Resource Sharing"](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS) refers to the situations when a frontend running in a browser has JavaScript code that communicates with a backend, and the backend is in a different "origin" than the frontend.

## Origin { #origin }

There may be many routes for a single address. For example, a webserver that is hosted in multiple datacenters may yield multiple IP addresses in its DNS response.

In limited situations OkHttp will retry a route if connecting fails:

   * necessary. No observable state associated with this cache is modified until loading completes.
   * Unlike {@link #get}, this method does not throw a checked exception, and thus should only be
   * used in situations where checked exceptions are not thrown by the cache loader.
   *
   * <p>If another call to {@link #get} or {@link #getUnchecked} is currently loading the value for

 * responses. Although this client honors all [HTTP/1.1 (RFC 7234)][rfc_7234] cache headers, it
 * doesn't cache partial responses.
 *
 * ## Force a Network Response
 *
 * In some situations, such as after a user clicks a 'refresh' button, it may be necessary to skip
 * the cache, and fetch data directly from the server. To force a full refresh, add the `no-cache`
 * directive:
 *
 * ```java

   * necessary. No observable state associated with this cache is modified until loading completes.
   * Unlike {@link #get}, this method does not throw a checked exception, and thus should only be
   * used in situations where checked exceptions are not thrown by the cache loader.
   *
   * <p>If another call to {@link #get} or {@link #getUnchecked} is currently loading the value for

Several of these are explored in the next chapters of the tutorial.

## Order matters { #order-matters }

When creating *path operations*, you can find situations where you have a fixed path.

Like `/users/me`, let's say that it's to get data about the current user.

And then you can also have a path `/users/{user_id}` to get data about a specific user by some user ID.

   * instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> {@link ArrayList} and {@link java.util.ArrayDeque} consistently
   * outperform {@code LinkedList} except in certain rare and specific situations. Unless you have
   * spent a lot of time benchmarking your specific needs, use one of those instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated. Instead,

   * instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> {@link ArrayList} and {@link java.util.ArrayDeque} consistently
   * outperform {@code LinkedList} except in certain rare and specific situations. Unless you have
   * spent a lot of time benchmarking your specific needs, use one of those instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated. Instead,