String seed = "test@seed#with$special%chars";
        String[] tags = { "tag@1", "tag#2" };
        String[] roles = { "role$1", "role%2" };
        String[] fields = { "field&1", "field*2" };
        String[] excludes = { "exclude^1", "exclude(2)" };

        String result = popularWordHelper.getCacheKey(seed, tags, roles, fields, excludes);

        assertNotNull(result);

    }

    // Test with many roles
    @Secured({ "ROLE_1", "ROLE_2", "ROLE_3", "ROLE_4", "ROLE_5", "ROLE_6", "ROLE_7", "ROLE_8", "ROLE_9", "ROLE_10" })
    static class ManyRolesClass {
    }

    @Test
    public void test_manyRoles() {
        Secured secured = ManyRolesClass.class.getAnnotation(Secured.class);
        assertNotNull(secured);
        String[] roles = secured.value();

        assertTrue(roleSet.contains("role1"));

        encrypted = false;
        value = "role1,role2";
        roleSet = decodedRoleList(roleQueryHelperImpl, value, encrypted);
        assertEquals(2, roleSet.size());
        assertTrue(roleSet.contains("role1"));
        assertTrue(roleSet.contains("role2"));

        encrypted = false;
        value = "role1,role2,role3";

                // Return roles with duplicates
                String[] roles = new String[] { "role1", "role2", "role1", "Uuser", "role2" };
                callback.accept(roles);
                return roles;
            }

            @Override
            public String normalizePermissionName(String name) {

        final String[] roles1 = SuggestUtil.parseQuery(queryString, roleFieldName);
        final String[] roles2 = filterQueryString == null ? new String[0] : SuggestUtil.parseQuery(filterQueryString, roleFieldName);
        return Stream.concat(Arrays.stream(roles1), Arrays.stream(roles2)).toArray(String[]::new);
    }

    /**
     * Analyze text.

     * @param tag The tag.
     */
    public void addTag(final String tag) {
        tags.add(tag);
    }

    /**
     * Adds a role to filter by.
     * @param role The role.
     */
    public void addRole(final String role) {
        roles.add(role);
    }

    /**
     * Adds a field to filter by.
     * @param field The field name.
     */
    public void addField(final String field) {

        QueryBuilder rolesFilter = request.buildFilterQuery("roles", Arrays.asList("role1"));
        QueryBuilder fieldsFilter = request.buildFilterQuery("fields", Arrays.asList("field1"));

        assertTrue("Tags filter should contain 'tags'", tagsFilter.toString().contains("tags"));
        assertTrue("Roles filter should contain 'roles'", rolesFilter.toString().contains("roles"));

        BoolQueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        Set<String> roles = Set.of("role1", "role2");

        queryHelper.buildRoleQuery(roles, boolQuery);

        String queryString = boolQuery.toString();
        assertTrue(queryString.contains("role1"));
        assertTrue(queryString.contains("role2"));
        assertTrue(queryString.contains("filter"));
    }

    @Test

    private User createTestUser(String username, String password) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(username);
        user.setPassword(password);
        user.setRoles(new String[] { "role1", "role2" });
        user.setGroups(new String[] { "group1", "group2" });
        return user;
    }

    // Test LdapManager implementation
    private static class TestLdapManager extends LdapManager {

        testUser.setRoleNames(new String[] { "admin", "user", "manager" });
        roles = fessUserBean.getRoles();
        assertEquals(3, roles.length);
        assertEquals("admin", roles[0]);
        assertEquals("user", roles[1]);
        assertEquals("manager", roles[2]);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_getGroups() {
        // Test with empty groups
        testUser.setGroupNames(new String[] {});