}
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Reads all bytes from an input stream into a byte array. Does not close the stream.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 9+ users:</b> use {@code in#readAllBytes()} instead.
   *
   * @param in the input stream to read from
   * @return a byte array containing all the bytes from the stream
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */