### Zonder `standard` Afhankelijkheden

Indien je de optionele `standard` afhankelijkheden niet wenst te installeren, kan je installeren met `pip install fastapi` in plaats van `pip install "fastapi[standard]"`.

### Bijkomende Optionele Afhankelijkheden

Er zijn nog een aantal bijkomende afhankelijkheden die je eventueel kan installeren.

Bijkomende optionele afhankelijkheden voor Pydantic:

* `skip=20`: da Sie das in der URL gesetzt haben
* `limit=10`: weil das der Defaultwert ist

## Optionale Parameter

Auf die gleiche Weise können Sie optionale Query-Parameter deklarieren, indem Sie deren Defaultwert auf `None` setzen:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7] *}

In diesem Fall wird der Funktionsparameter `q` optional, und standardmäßig `None` sein.

/// check

    * Falls nicht, wird dem Client ein nützlicher, eindeutiger Fehler angezeigt.
* Prüfen, ob es einen optionalen Abfrageparameter namens `q` (wie in `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) für `GET`-Anfragen gibt.
    * Da der `q`-Parameter mit `= None` deklariert ist, ist er optional.
    * Ohne das `None` wäre er erforderlich (wie der Body im Fall von `PUT`).

from pydantic import BaseModel
from typing import Optional

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: bool = Optional[None]


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}

     *
     * @return an {@link Optional} containing the list of goals, or empty if not specified
     */
    @Nonnull
    Optional<List<String>> goals();

    /**
     * Returns the target POM model version for upgrades.
     * Supported values include "4.0.0" and "4.1.0".
     *
     * @return an {@link Optional} containing the model version, or empty if not specified
     */
    @Nonnull

* `skip=20`: because you set it in the URL
* `limit=10`: because that was the default value

## Optional parameters { #optional-parameters }

The same way, you can declare optional query parameters, by setting their default to `None`:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7] *}

In this case, the function parameter `q` will be optional, and will be `None` by default.

/// check

```

////

#### Using `Union` or `Optional` { #using-union-or-optional }

If you are using a Python version below 3.10, here's a tip from my very **subjective** point of view:

* 🚨 Avoid using `Optional[SomeType]`
* Instead ✨ **use `Union[SomeType, None]`** ✨.

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.26</version>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.5</version>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.mylasta.direction.sponsor;

import java.util.TimeZone;

import org.codelibs.fess.unit.UnitFessTestCase;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalThing;
import org.lastaflute.web.ruts.process.ActionRuntime;
import org.lastaflute.web.servlet.request.RequestManager;
import org.lastaflute.web.servlet.request.SimpleRequestManager;

### Additional Optional Dependencies { #additional-optional-dependencies }

There are some additional dependencies you might want to install.

Additional optional Pydantic dependencies:

* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/" target="_blank"><code>pydantic-settings</code></a> - for settings management.