AvlNode<E> newTop = pred();
        // newTop is the maximum node in my left subtree
        newTop.left = left.removeMax(newTop);
        newTop.right = right;
        newTop.distinctElements = distinctElements - 1;
        newTop.totalCount = totalCount - oldElemCount;
        return newTop.rebalance();
      } else {
        AvlNode<E> newTop = succ();

    assertThat(map.remove(one, one)).isTrue();
    assertThat(map).isEmpty();

    cache.getUnchecked(one);
    Map<Object, Object> newMap = ImmutableMap.of(one, one);
    assertThat(map).isEqualTo(newMap);
    assertThat(map.entrySet()).isEqualTo(newMap.entrySet());
    assertThat(map.keySet()).isEqualTo(newMap.keySet());
    Set<Object> expectedValues = ImmutableSet.of(one);
    Set<Object> actualValues = ImmutableSet.copyOf(map.values());

    assertThat(map.remove(one, one)).isTrue();
    assertThat(map).isEmpty();

    cache.getUnchecked(one);
    Map<Object, Object> newMap = ImmutableMap.of(one, one);
    assertThat(map).isEqualTo(newMap);
    assertThat(map.entrySet()).isEqualTo(newMap.entrySet());
    assertThat(map.keySet()).isEqualTo(newMap.keySet());
    Set<Object> expectedValues = ImmutableSet.of(one);
    Set<Object> actualValues = ImmutableSet.copyOf(map.values());

Поэтому в документации к сторонним ASGI middleware, скорее всего, вы увидите что‑то вроде:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

So, in the documentation for third-party ASGI middlewares they will probably tell you to do something like:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

But FastAPI (actually Starlette) provides a simpler way to do it that makes sure that the internal middlewares handle server errors and custom exception handlers work properly.

Dolayısıyla üçüncü taraf ASGI middleware'lerinin dokümantasyonunda muhtemelen şöyle bir şey yapmanızı söylerler:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

Entonces, en la documentación de middlewares ASGI de terceros probablemente te indicarán que hagas algo como:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

Ainsi, dans la documentation de middlewares ASGI tiers, on vous indiquera probablement de faire quelque chose comme :

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

中介軟體不一定要為 FastAPI 或 Starlette 專門撰寫，只要遵循 ASGI 規範即可運作。

一般來說，ASGI 中介軟體是類別，預期第一個參數接收一個 ASGI 應用程式。

因此，在第三方 ASGI 中介軟體的文件中，通常會指示你這樣做：

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

但 FastAPI（實際上是 Starlette）提供了一種更簡單的方式，確保內部中介軟體能處理伺服器錯誤，且自訂例外處理器可正常運作。

為此，你可以使用 `app.add_middleware()`（如同 CORS 範例）。

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

Então, na documentação de middlewares ASGI de terceiros, eles provavelmente dirão para você fazer algo como:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```