IdnDnsResolver resolver = new IdnDnsResolver();

        String host = "www.codelibs.org";
        String expected = "www.codelibs.org";
        assertEquals(expected, resolver.toAscii(host));

        host = "テスト.org";
        expected = "xn--zckzah.org";
        assertEquals(expected, resolver.toAscii(host));

        host = "xn--zckzah.org";
        expected = "xn--zckzah.org";

    /** List of duplicate host rules for URL conversion */
    protected List<DuplicateHost> duplicateHostList;

    /**
     * Default constructor for DuplicateHostHelper.
     * Creates a new duplicate host helper instance.
     */
    public DuplicateHostHelper() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    /**
     * Initializes the duplicate host helper after construction.

    /**
     * Displays the initial duplicate host management page.
     *
     * @param form the search form
     * @return HTML response for the duplicate host list page
     */
    @Execute
    @Secured({ ROLE, ROLE + VIEW })
    public HtmlResponse index(final SearchForm form) {
        return asListHtml();
    }

    /**
     * Displays the duplicate host list with pagination.
     *

 * that controls the interval between requests to the same host.
 * It uses a Guava Cache to store the last access time for each host.
 * The delayBeforeProcessing method is overridden to introduce a delay before processing a URL,
 * ensuring that requests to the same host are not made too frequently.
 * The delay is calculated based on the configured delayMillisBeforeProcessing parameter.

     * @param host the hostname or IP address string
     * @param port the port number
     * @param path the path (should start with "/" or be empty)
     * @return the complete URL string
     */
    public static String buildUrl(final String protocol, final String host, final int port, final String path) {
        if (protocol == null || host == null) {
            return null;
        }

      return routes[nextRouteIndex++]
    }
  }

  companion object {
    /** Obtain a host string containing either an actual host name or a numeric IP address. */
    val InetSocketAddress.socketHost: String get() {
      // The InetSocketAddress was specified with a string (either a numeric IP or a host name). If
      // it is a name, all IPs for that name should be tried. If it is an IP address, only that IP

        return relatedQueryMap.size();
    }

    /**
     * Extracts the virtual host key from a RelatedQuery entity.
     * If the virtual host is blank or null, returns an empty string.
     *
     * @param entity the RelatedQuery entity to extract the host key from
     * @return the virtual host key, or empty string if blank or null
     */
    protected String getHostKey(final RelatedQuery entity) {

    }

    /**
     * Decodes the given host string using the specified encoding.
     *
     * @param host the host string to decode
     * @return the decoded host string
     */
    protected String decode(final String host) {
        if (host.indexOf('%') == -1) {
            return host;
        }
        try {
            return URLDecoder.decode(host, encoding);

    }

    /**
     * Extracts the virtual host key from a RelatedContent entity.
     * If the virtual host is blank or null, returns an empty string.
     * This key is used to organize related content by virtual host.
     *
     * @param entity the RelatedContent entity to extract the host key from
     * @return the virtual host key, or empty string if not specified
     */

  }

  public void testSerialization() {
    SerializableTester.reserializeAndAssert(HostAndPort.fromParts("host", 80));
    SerializableTester.reserializeAndAssert(HostAndPort.fromString("host"));
    SerializableTester.reserializeAndAssert(HostAndPort.fromString("host:80"));
    SerializableTester.reserializeAndAssert(HostAndPort.fromString("[::1]:104"));