### Creating the `Settings` only once with `lru_cache`

Reading a file from disk is normally a costly (slow) operation, so you probably want to do it only once and then reuse the same settings object, instead of reading it for each request.

But every time we do:

```Python
Settings()
```

endif

# List of all binaries to build
# We split the binaries into "agent" binaries and standard ones. This corresponds to build "agent".
# This allows conditional compilation to avoid pulling in costly dependencies to the agent, such as XDS and k8s.
AGENT_BINARIES:=./pilot/cmd/pilot-agent
STANDARD_BINARIES:=./istioctl/cmd/istioctl \
  ./pilot/cmd/pilot-discovery \
  ./pkg/test/echo/cmd/client \

	factor float64

	// maximum sleep cap,
	// set to <= 0 to disable.
	maxSleep time.Duration

	// Don't sleep at all, if time taken is below this value.
	// This is to avoid too small costly sleeps.
	minSleep time.Duration

	// cycle will be closed
	cycle chan struct{}

	// isScanner should be set when this is used by the scanner
	// to record metrics.
	isScanner bool
}

          // Mostly 2-byte UTF-8 sequences - "European" text
          return 0x800;
        } else if (userFriendly.matches("(?i)(?:Chinese|Han|Asian|BMP)")) {
          // Mostly 3-byte UTF-8 sequences - "Asian" text
          return Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT;
        } else if (userFriendly.matches("(?i)(?:Cuneiform|rare|exotic|supplementary.*)")) {
          // Mostly 4-byte UTF-8 sequences - "rare exotic" text

          // Mostly 2-byte UTF-8 sequences - "European" text
          return 0x800;
        } else if (userFriendly.matches("(?i)(?:Chinese|Han|Asian|BMP)")) {
          // Mostly 3-byte UTF-8 sequences - "Asian" text
          return Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT;
        } else if (userFriendly.matches("(?i)(?:Cuneiform|rare|exotic|supplementary.*)")) {
          // Mostly 4-byte UTF-8 sequences - "rare exotic" text

 * granted immediately, but it is the <i>next</i> request that will experience extra throttling,
 * thus paying for the cost of the expensive task.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 * @since 13.0
 */
// TODO(user): switch to nano precision. A natural unit of cost is "bytes", and a micro precision
// would mean a maximum rate of "1MB/s", which might be small in some cases.
@Beta
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible

import org.codehaus.plexus.interpolation.StringSearchInterpolator;
import org.codehaus.plexus.logging.Logger;

import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;

/**
 * Various utilities, mostly to bridge "old" and "new" stuff, like Properties vs Maps, File vs Paths, etc.
 */
public final class Utils {
    private Utils() {}

    @Nullable
    public static File toFile(Path path) {
        if (path != null) {

         * {@return the list of sub-phases}
         */
        @Nonnull
        List<Phase> phases();

        @Nonnull
        Stream<Phase> allPhases();
    }

    /**
     * A phase alias, mostly used to support the Maven 3 phases which are mapped
     * to dynamic phases in Maven 4.
     */
    interface Alias {
        String v3Phase();

        String v4Phase();
    }

    /**

 * granted immediately, but it is the <i>next</i> request that will experience extra throttling,
 * thus paying for the cost of the expensive task.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 * @since 13.0
 */
// TODO(user): switch to nano precision. A natural unit of cost is "bytes", and a micro precision
// would mean a maximum rate of "1MB/s", which might be small in some cases.
@Beta
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible

   * returns a {@link SortedMap}, instead of the {@link Map} specified in the {@link Table}
   * interface.
   *
   * @since 10.0 (<a href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/Compatibility" >mostly
   *     source-compatible</a> since 7.0)
   */
  @Override
  public SortedMap<C, V> row(R rowKey) {
    return new TreeRow(rowKey);
  }

  private class TreeRow extends Row implements SortedMap<C, V> {