{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)

For the deprecated `startup` and `shutdown` events, you can use the `TestClient` as follows:

# Testing WebSockets { #testing-websockets }

You can use the same `TestClient` to test WebSockets.

For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note

For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.

## Using `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info

To use `TestClient`, first install <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">`httpx`</a>.

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and then install it, for example:

```console
$ pip install httpx
```

///

Import `TestClient`.

The `TestClient` does some magic inside to call the asynchronous FastAPI application in your normal `def` test functions, using standard pytest. But that magic doesn't work anymore when we're using it inside asynchronous functions. By running our tests asynchronously, we can no longer use the `TestClient` inside our test functions.

    - reference/openapi/docs.md
    - reference/openapi/models.md
  - reference/security/index.md
  - reference/encoders.md
  - reference/staticfiles.md
  - reference/templating.md
  - reference/testclient.md
- fastapi-people.md
- Resources:
  - resources/index.md
  - help-fastapi.md
  - contributing.md
  - project-generation.md
  - external-links.md
  - newsletter.md
  - management-tasks.md

Starlette використовує:

* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - Необхідно, якщо Ви хочете використовувати `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Необхідно, якщо Ви хочете використовувати шаблони як конфігурацію за замовчуванням.

Używane przez Starlette:

* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - Wymagane jeżeli chcesz korzystać z `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Wymagane jeżeli chcesz korzystać z `FileResponse` albo `StaticFiles`.

Sử dụng Starlette:

* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - Bắt buộc nếu bạn muốn sử dụng `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Bắt buộc nếu bạn muốn sử dụng cấu hình template engine mặc định.

Usate da Starlette:

* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Richiesto se vuoi usare il `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Richiesto se vuoi usare `FileResponse` o `StaticFiles`.

Wird von Starlette verwendet:

* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie den `TestClient` verwenden möchten.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie die Standardkonfiguration für Templates verwenden möchten.