assertEquals(illegalArgException, exception2.getCause());

        // Test with NullPointerException
        Exception nullPointerException = new NullPointerException("SSO context is null");
        SsoProcessException exception3 = new SsoProcessException(message, nullPointerException);
        assertEquals(nullPointerException, exception3.getCause());
    }

    public void test_getMessage_withEmptyString() {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("list with null root throws NullPointerException")
        void list_withNullRoot_throwsNpe() {
            // Intent: null root is invalid input
            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> SmbEnumerationUtil.list(null, "*", 0, null, null));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("listFiles with null root throws NullPointerException")
        void listFiles_withNullRoot_throwsNpe() {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("encode should throw NPE on null input")
    void testEncodeNull() {
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Base64.encode(null));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("decode should throw NPE on null input")
    void testDecodeNull() {
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Base64.decode(null));
    }

            executionOrder.clear();
        }
    }

    // Test class that causes NullPointerException
    private static class NullPointerScoreBooster extends ScoreBooster {
        @Override
        public long process() {
            // This will cause NullPointerException when auto-unboxing
            Long nullValue = null;
            return nullValue;
        }
    }

     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test constructor with null configuration throws NullPointerException")
    public void testConstructorWithNullConfig() {
        // Given
        String oldFileName = "old.txt";
        String newFileName = "new.txt";

        // When & Then - should throw NullPointerException
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
            new SmbComRename(null, oldFileName, newFileName);

          .put(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, e -> e instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException)
          .put(NoSuchElementException.class, e -> e instanceof NoSuchElementException)
          .put(NullPointerException.class, e -> e instanceof NullPointerException)
          .put(NumberFormatException.class, e -> e instanceof NumberFormatException)
          .put(RuntimeException.class, e -> e instanceof RuntimeException)

    ImmutableList.Builder<String> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
    assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> builder.add((String) null));

    assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> builder.add((String[]) null));

    assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> builder.add("a", null, "b"));
  }

  public void testBuilderAddAllHandlesNullsCorrectly() {
    {

   * preferable mainly for consistency and maintainability of your code.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if the element is null
   */
  public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1) {
    return construct(e1);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
   */
  public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2) {

        String testString = null;

        // Expect a NullPointerException due to null string
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
            pacString.check(testString);
        }, "A NullPointerException should be thrown for a null string with non-zero pointer.");
    }

        ByteEncodable encodable = new ByteEncodable(null, 0, 0);
        byte[] dest = new byte[1];

        // Expect NullPointerException from System.arraycopy
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
            encodable.encode(dest, 0);
        }, "Should throw NullPointerException if source array is null");
    }

    @Test
    void testEncodeNullDestinationArray() {