assertEquals(false, Defaults.defaultValue(boolean.class).booleanValue());
    assertEquals('\0', Defaults.defaultValue(char.class).charValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(byte.class).byteValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(short.class).shortValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(int.class).intValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(long.class).longValue());

   * Returns the first element in {@code iterable} that satisfies the given predicate, or {@code
   * defaultValue} if none found. Note that this can usually be handled more naturally using {@code
   * tryFind(iterable, predicate).or(defaultValue)}.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@code
   * stream.filter(predicate).findFirst().orElse(defaultValue)}
   *
   * @since 7.0
   */
  // The signature we really want here is...
  //

     * @param key The key of the setting.
     * @param defaultValue The default value if the setting is not found.
     * @return The setting value as a String.
     */
    public String getAsString(final String key, final String defaultValue) {
        final Object obj = get(key);

        final String value;
        if (obj == null) {
            value = defaultValue;
        } else {
            value = obj.toString();

                }
            }
        }
        return defaultValue;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a long value from system properties with a default fallback.
     *
     * @param key the property key to look up
     * @param defaultValue the default value if the property is not found or invalid

    return edgeValueOrDefaultInternal(checkNotNull(nodeU), checkNotNull(nodeV), defaultValue);
  }

  @Override
  public @Nullable V edgeValueOrDefault(EndpointPair<N> endpoints, @Nullable V defaultValue) {
    validateEndpoints(endpoints);
    return edgeValueOrDefaultInternal(endpoints.nodeU(), endpoints.nodeV(), defaultValue);
  }

  @Override

	}

	// default value is function or null or blank (primary keys)
	field.DefaultValue = strings.TrimSpace(field.DefaultValue)
	skipParseDefaultValue := strings.Contains(field.DefaultValue, "(") &&
		strings.Contains(field.DefaultValue, ")") || strings.ToLower(field.DefaultValue) == "null" || field.DefaultValue == ""
	switch reflect.Indirect(fieldValue).Kind() {
	case reflect.Bool:
		field.DataType = Bool

     * @param key parameter key
     * @param defaultValue default value if parameter not found
     * @return parameter value or default value
     */
    private long getParamValue(final Map<String, Long> params, final String key, final long defaultValue) {
        final Long value = params.get(key);
        return value != null ? value : defaultValue;
    }

    /**
     * Delays after processing a URL.
     */

          <version>4.0.0+</version>
          <defaultValue>mail</defaultValue>
          <type>String</type>
          <description>The mechanism used to deliver notifications.</description>
        </field>
        <field>
          <name>sendOnError</name>
          <version>4.0.0+</version>
          <defaultValue>true</defaultValue>
          <type>boolean</type>

				if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSuffix(dv, "()"), strings.TrimSuffix(field.DefaultValue, "()")) {
					alterColumn = true
				}
			case schema.Bool:
				v1, _ := strconv.ParseBool(dv)
				v2, _ := strconv.ParseBool(field.DefaultValue)
				alterColumn = v1 != v2
			case schema.String:
				if dv != field.DefaultValue && dv != strings.Trim(field.DefaultValue, "'\"") {
					alterColumn = true
				}
			default:

     * @param name the property name
     * @param defaultValue the default value to use if property doesn't exist
     * @param appendValue the value to append to the property value
     */
    protected void addSystemProperty(final List<String> cmdList, final String name, final String defaultValue, final String appendValue) {
        final String value = System.getProperty(name);