* <ul>
     * <li>{@code *} = everything,</li>
     * <li>{@code external:*} = everything not on the localhost and not file based,</li>
     * <li>{@code external:http:*} = any repository not on the localhost using HTTP,</li>
     * <li>{@code repo,repo1} = {@code repo} or {@code repo1},</li>
     * <li>{@code *,!repo1} = everything except {@code repo1}.</li>
     * </ul>
     *

            return noChars;
          }
        };
    EscaperAsserts.assertBasic(deletingEscaper);
    assertEquals(
        "Everything outside the printable ASCII range is deleted.",
        deletingEscaper.escape(
            "\tEverything\0 outside the\uD800\uDC00 "
                + "printable ASCII \uFFFFrange is \u007Fdeleted.\n"));
  }

  public void testReplacementPriority() throws IOException {

## Mounting a **FastAPI** application

"Mounting" means adding a completely "independent" application in a specific path, that then takes care of handling everything under that path, with the _path operations_ declared in that sub-application.

### Top-level application

First, create the main, top-level, **FastAPI** application, and its *path operations*:

```Python hl_lines="3  6-8"

You would probably do this just once, the first time, when setting everything up.

/// tip

This Domain Name part is way before HTTPS, but as everything depends on the domain and the IP address, it's worth mentioning it here.

///

### DNS

Now let's focus on all the actual HTTPS parts.

# This file contains the initial defaults for go command configuration.
# Values set by 'go env -w' and written to the user's go/env file override these.
# The environment overrides everything else.

# Use the Go module mirror and checksum database by default.
# See https://proxy.golang.org for details.
GOPROXY=https://proxy.golang.org,direct
GOSUMDB=sum.golang.org

# Automatically download newer toolchains as directed by go.mod files.

	Scope = log.RegisterScope("cli", "istioctl")
)

func defaultLogOptions() *log.Options {
	o := log.DefaultOptions()
	// Default to warning for everything; we usually don't want logs in istioctl
	o.SetDefaultOutputLevel("all", log.WarnLevel)
	// These scopes are too noisy even at warning level
	o.SetDefaultOutputLevel("validation", log.ErrorLevel)

* `.gitignore`: the name of the file where the text should be written

And `*` for Git means "everything". So, it will ignore everything in the `.venv` directory.

That command will create a file `.gitignore` with the content:

```gitignore
*
```

///

## Install Packages

# Bigger Applications - Multiple Files

If you are building an application or a web API, it's rarely the case that you can put everything in a single file.

**FastAPI** provides a convenience tool to structure your application while keeping all the flexibility.

/// info

If you come from Flask, this would be the equivalent of Flask's Blueprints.

///

## An example file structure

Let's say you have a file structure like this:

```

@file:Suppress("INVISIBLE_MEMBER", "INVISIBLE_REFERENCE")

package okhttp3

import java.net.CookieHandler

/**
 * A cookie jar that delegates to a [java.net.CookieHandler].
 *
 * This implementation delegates everything to [okhttp3.java.net.cookiejar.JavaNetCookieJar], which
 * conforms to the package-naming limitations of JPMS.
 *
 * Callers should prefer to use [okhttp3.java.net.cookiejar.JavaNetCookieJar] directly.
 */

  static <T extends @Nullable Object> GeneralRange<T> all(Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
    return new GeneralRange<>(comparator, false, null, OPEN, false, null, OPEN);
  }

  /**
   * Returns everything above the endpoint relative to the specified comparator, with the specified
   * endpoint behavior.
   */
  static <T extends @Nullable Object> GeneralRange<T> downTo(