// if modification time is the only timestamp being encoded.
		var mbuf [9]byte // 2*SizeOf(uint16) + SizeOf(uint8) + SizeOf(uint32)
		mt := uint32(fh.Modified.Unix())
		eb := writeBuf(mbuf[:])
		eb.uint16(extTimeExtraID)
		eb.uint16(5)  // Size: SizeOf(uint8) + SizeOf(uint32)
		eb.uint8(1)   // Flags: ModTime
		eb.uint32(mt) // ModTime
		fh.Extra = append(fh.Extra, mbuf[:]...)
	}

	var (
		ow io.Writer
		fw *fileWriter

			return nil, errMalformedJWKRSAKey
		}

		// decode exponent
		ebuf, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(key.E)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, errMalformedJWKRSAKey
		}

		nbuf, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(key.N)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, errMalformedJWKRSAKey
		}

		var n, e big.Int
		n.SetBytes(nbuf)
		e.SetBytes(ebuf)

		return &rsa.PublicKey{
			E: int(e.Int64()),
			N: &n,

	defer syscall.Close(fd)

	bufp := direntPool.Get().(*[]byte)
	defer direntPool.Put(bufp)
	buf := *bufp

	boff := 0 // starting read position in buf
	nbuf := 0 // end valid data in buf

	for {
		if boff >= nbuf {
			boff = 0
			stop := globalOSMetrics.time(osMetricReadDirent)
			nbuf, err = syscall.ReadDirent(fd, buf)
			stop()
			if err != nil {
				if isSysErrNotDir(err) {
					return nil
				}

	if err != nil {
		return x, buf, err
	}
	x.metaVer, buf, err = msgp.ReadUintBytes(buf)
	if err != nil {
		return x, buf, err
	}
	if x.headerVer > xlHeaderVersion {
		return x, buf, fmt.Errorf("decodeXLHeaders: Unknown xl header version %d", x.headerVer)
	}
	if x.metaVer > xlMetaVersion {
		return x, buf, fmt.Errorf("decodeXLHeaders: Unknown xl meta version %d", x.metaVer)
	}

		buf := bmbuf[0:n]
		buf[n-1] = 'x'
		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
			j := Index(buf, buf[n-7:])
			if j != n-7 {
				b.Fatal("bad index", j)
			}
		}
		buf[n-1] = '\x00'
	})
}

func BenchmarkIndexEasy(b *testing.B) {
	benchBytes(b, indexSizes, func(b *testing.B, n int) {
		buf := bmbuf[0:n]
		buf[n-1] = 'x'
		buf[n-7] = 'x'
		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {

	buf, err := readSpecialFile(r)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	sbuf := string(buf)

	// For GNU PAX sparse format 0.0 support.
	// This function transforms the sparse format 0.0 headers into format 0.1
	// headers since 0.0 headers were not PAX compliant.
	var sparseMap []string

	paxHdrs := make(map[string]string)
	for len(sbuf) > 0 {

    assertEquals(-1, empty.read());
  }

  public void testExhaust_readable() throws IOException {
    CharBuffer buf = CharBuffer.wrap(ASCII);
    assertEquals(ASCII.length(), CharStreams.exhaust(buf));
    assertEquals(0, buf.remaining());
    assertEquals(0, CharStreams.exhaust(buf));

    CharBuffer empty = CharBuffer.wrap("");
    assertEquals(0, CharStreams.exhaust(empty));

    assertEquals(-1, empty.read());
  }

  public void testExhaust_readable() throws IOException {
    CharBuffer buf = CharBuffer.wrap(ASCII);
    assertEquals(ASCII.length(), CharStreams.exhaust(buf));
    assertEquals(0, buf.remaining());
    assertEquals(0, CharStreams.exhaust(buf));

    CharBuffer empty = CharBuffer.wrap("");
    assertEquals(0, CharStreams.exhaust(empty));

	}
}

func decodeXLHeaders(buf []byte) (versions int, headerV, metaV uint8, b []byte, err error) {
	hdrVer, buf, err := msgp.ReadUint8Bytes(buf)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, 0, 0, buf, err
	}
	metaVer, buf, err := msgp.ReadUint8Bytes(buf)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, 0, 0, buf, err
	}
	if hdrVer > xlHeaderVersion {

	stat, err := f.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		buf, err = io.ReadAll(f)
		return buf, dmTime, osErrToFileErr(err)
	}
	if stat.IsDir() {
		return nil, dmTime, errFileNotFound
	}

	// Read into appropriate buffer.
	sz := stat.Size()
	if sz <= metaDataReadDefault {
		buf = metaDataPoolGet()
		buf = buf[:sz]
	} else {
		buf = make([]byte, sz)
	}

	// Read file...