"description": "Path One Description",
                "value": "item_1",
            },
            "Path Two": {
                "value": "item_2",
            },
        },
    ),
):
    return item_id


@app.get("/query_examples/")
def query_examples(
    data: Union[str, None] = Query(
        default=None,
        examples=[
            "json_schema_query1",

    @app.post("/", response_model=List[Item], responses={404: {"model": List[Message]}})
    def post_root(item1: Item, item2: Item):
        return item1, item2  # pragma: nocover

    @router.post(
        "/router", response_model=List[Item], responses={404: {"model": List[Message]}}
    )
    def post_router(item1: Item, item2: Item):
        return item1, item2  # pragma: nocover

    app.include_router(router)

def test_post_no_body_q_bar(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5, "q": "bar"}


def test_post_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5}


def test_post_id_foo(client: TestClient):

def test_post_no_body_q_bar(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5, "q": "bar"}


@needs_py310
def test_post_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5}


@needs_py310

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "importance": 2,
            "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5},
            "user": {"username": "Dave"},
        },
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "item_id": 5,
        "importance": 2,
        "item": {
            "name": "Foo",
            "price": 50.5,

    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "importance": 2,
            "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5},
            "user": {"username": "Dave"},
        },
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "item_id": 5,
        "importance": 2,
        "item": {
            "name": "Foo",
            "price": 50.5,

    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "importance": 2,
            "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5},
            "user": {"username": "Dave"},
        },
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "item_id": 5,
        "importance": 2,
        "item": {
            "name": "Foo",
            "price": 50.5,

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

使用浏览器访问 <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery</a>。

你将会看到如下 JSON 响应：

```JSON
{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
```

你已经创建了一个具有以下功能的 API：

* 通过 _路径_ `/` 和 `/items/{item_id}` 接受 HTTP 请求。
* 以上 _路径_ 都接受 `GET` 操作（也被称为 HTTP _方法_）。
* `/items/{item_id}` _路径_ 有一个 _路径参数_ `item_id` 并且应该为 `int` 类型。