type (
		Level0 struct {
			ID       uint
			Value    string
			Level1ID uint
		}
		Level1 struct {
			ID         uint
			Value      string
			Level2ID   *uint
			Level2_1ID *uint
			Level0s    []Level0 `json:",omitempty"`
		}
		Level2 struct {
			ID       uint
			Level1s  []Level1
			Level3ID uint
		}
		Level2_1 struct {
			ID       uint
			Level1s  []Level1 `json:",omitempty"`

	}
}

func TestForeignKeyConstraints(t *testing.T) {
	tidbSkip(t, "not support the foreign key feature")

	type Profile struct {
		ID       uint
		Name     string
		MemberID uint
	}

	type Member struct {
		ID      uint
		Refer   uint `gorm:"uniqueIndex"`
		Name    string
		Profile Profile `gorm:"Constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:CASCADE;FOREIGNKEY:MemberID;References:Refer"`
	}

		Name      string
		UserRefer uint
	}

	type User struct {
		gorm.Model
		Profiles  []Profile `gorm:"many2many:user_profiles;ForeignKey:Refer;JoinForeignKey:UserReferID;References:UserRefer;JoinReferences:ProfileRefer"`
		Profiles2 []Profile `gorm:"many2many:user_profiles2;ForeignKey:refer;JoinForeignKey:user_refer_id;References:user_refer;JoinReferences:profile_refer"`
		Refer     uint
	}

	rv := reflect.ValueOf(fieldValue)
	switch fieldValue.(type) {
	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64:
		result = time.Unix(rv.Int(), 0).UTC()
	case uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
		if uv := rv.Uint(); uv > math.MaxInt64 {
			err = fmt.Errorf("integer overflow conversion uint64(%d) -> int64", uv)
		} else {
			result = time.Unix(int64(uv), 0).UTC() //nolint:gosec
		}

	type (
		Furniture struct {
			gorm.Model
			OwnerID *uint
		}

		Owner struct {
			gorm.Model
			Furnitures []Furniture
			CompanyID  *uint
			Company    Company
		}

		Building struct {
			gorm.Model
			Name    string
			OwnerID *uint
			Owner   Owner
		}
	)

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Building{}, &Owner{}, &Furniture{})

			}
		}
	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
		field.DataType = Uint
		if field.HasDefaultValue && !skipParseDefaultValue {
			if field.DefaultValueInterface, err = strconv.ParseUint(field.DefaultValue, 0, 64); err != nil {
				schema.err = fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s as default value for uint, got error: %v", field.DefaultValue, err)
			}
		}

func TestCompositePrimaryKeyWithAutoIncrement(t *testing.T) {
	type Product struct {
		ProductID    uint `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
		LanguageCode uint `gorm:"primaryKey"`
		Code         string
		Name         string
	}
	type ProductNonAutoIncrement struct {
		ProductID    uint `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement:false"`
		LanguageCode uint `gorm:"primaryKey"`
		Code         string
		Name         string
	}

		{"int8", int8(math.MaxInt8), "127"},
		{"int16", int16(math.MaxInt16), "32767"},
		{"int32", int32(math.MaxInt32), "2147483647"},
		{"int64", int64(math.MaxInt64), "9223372036854775807"},
		{"uint", uint(math.MaxUint64), "18446744073709551615"},
		{"uint8", uint8(math.MaxUint8), "255"},
		{"uint16", uint16(math.MaxUint16), "65535"},
		{"uint32", uint32(math.MaxUint32), "4294967295"},

	AssertEqual(t, newUser.CreatedAt, curTime)
	AssertEqual(t, newUser.UpdatedAt, curTime)
}

func TestCreateWithNoGORMPrimaryKey(t *testing.T) {
	type JoinTable struct {
		UserID   uint
		FriendID uint
	}

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&JoinTable{})
	if err := DB.AutoMigrate(&JoinTable{}); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("no error should happen when auto migrate, but got %v", err)
	}

		if valuer, ok := value.(driver.Valuer); ok {
			value, _ = valuer.Value()
		}

		switch v := value.(type) {
		case string:
			results[idx] = v
		case []byte:
			results[idx] = string(v)
		case uint:
			results[idx] = strconv.FormatUint(uint64(v), 10)
		default:
			results[idx] = "nil"
			vv := reflect.ValueOf(v)
			if vv.IsValid() && !vv.IsZero() {
				results[idx] = fmt.Sprint(reflect.Indirect(vv).Interface())