### Top-level application { #top-level-application }

First, create the main, top-level, **FastAPI** application, and its *path operations*:

{* ../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001_py39.py hl[3, 6:8] *}

### Sub-application { #sub-application }

Then, create your sub-application, and its *path operations*.

This sub-application is just another standard FastAPI application, but this is the one that will be "mounted":

     */
    @Override
    public Iterator<E> iterator() {
        return map.keySet().iterator();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of elements in this set (its cardinality).
     *
     * @return the number of elements in this set (its cardinality).
     */
    @Override
    public int size() {
        return map.size();
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if this set contains no elements.
     *

    /**
     * Validate that the constructor masks the supplied value to its
     * lowest 8 bits (NdrShort incorrectly masks to 8 bits even though it's a short).
     */
    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 255, -1, 256, 65535 })
    void constructorMasksValue(int input) {
        NdrShort ns = new NdrShort(input);
        // NdrShort masks to 0xFF (8 bits) in its constructor
        int expected = input & 0xFF;

                "org.apache.maven.its.plugins",
                "maven-it-plugin",
                "0.1",
                "compile",
                "jar",
                null,
                new DefaultArtifactHandler("ignore"));
        PluginDescriptor descriptor = new PluginDescriptor();
        descriptor.setGroupId("org.apache.maven.its.plugins");
        descriptor.setArtifactId("maven-it-plugin");

     * <li>If <code>type</code> is a parameterized type, its raw type is returned.</li>
     * <li>If <code>type</code> is a wildcard type, its (first) upper bound is returned.</li>
     * <li>If <code>type</code> is a type variable and is a key in the given map, its actual type argument is returned.</li>
     * <li>If <code>type</code> is a type variable and is not a key in the given map, its (first) upper bound is returned.</li>

            op.rangeSize(fessConfig.getPagingPageRangeSizeAsInteger());
        }).createPageNumberList());

        return fileConfigList;
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a file configuration and its associated authentication records.
     * This method removes the file configuration from the database and also
     * deletes all related file authentication entries.
     *

   with its <<<DefaultModelValidator>>> implementation
   ({{{./xref/org/apache/maven/model/validation/DefaultModelValidator.html}source}})

   ** model normalization - merge duplicates: <<<ModelNormalizer>>> ({{{./apidocs/org/apache/maven/model/normalization/ModelNormalizer.html}javadoc}}),
   with its <<<DefaultModelNormalizer>>> implementation

        // Verify field accessibility is restored to its original state
        boolean finalAccessibility = field.canAccess(bean);
        assertEquals(
                initialAccessibility,
                finalAccessibility,
                "Field accessibility should be restored to its original state after setting value");
    }

    @Test

    }

    @Test
    void testPluginLoading() throws Exception {
        MavenSession session = createMavenSession(null);
        Plugin plugin = new Plugin();
        plugin.setGroupId("org.apache.maven.its.plugins");
        plugin.setArtifactId("maven-it-plugin");
        plugin.setVersion("0.1");
        PluginDescriptor pluginDescriptor = pluginManager.loadPlugin(

package org.apache.maven.building;

/**
 * Describes a problem that was encountered during settings building. A problem can either be an exception that was
 * thrown or a simple string message. In addition, a problem carries a hint about its source, e.g. the settings file
 * that exhibits the problem.
 *
 * @deprecated since 4.0.0, use {@link org.apache.maven.api.services} instead
 */
@Deprecated(since = "4.0.0")
public interface Problem {

    /**