# Bucket Replication Design [![slack](https://slack.min.io/slack?type=svg)](https://slack.min.io) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/minio/minio.svg?maxAge=604800)](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/)

# Distributed Server Design Guide [![Slack](https://slack.min.io/slack?type=svg)](https://slack.min.io)

This document explains the design, architecture and advanced use cases of the MinIO distributed server.

## Command-line

```
NAME:
  minio server - start object storage server

USAGE:
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR1 [DIR2..]
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR{1...64}
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR{1...64} DIR{65...128}

DIR:

# ILM Tiering Design [![slack](https://slack.min.io/slack?type=svg)](https://slack.min.io) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/minio/minio.svg?maxAge=604800)](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/)

Lifecycle transition functionality provided in [bucket lifecycle guide](https://github.com/minio/minio/master/docs/bucket/lifecycle/README.md) allows tiering of content from MinIO object store to public clouds or other MinIO clusters.

# History, Design and Future { #history-design-and-future }

Some time ago, <a href="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/issues/3#issuecomment-454956920" class="external-link" target="_blank">a **FastAPI** user asked</a>:

> What’s the history of this project? It seems to have come from nowhere to awesome in a few weeks [...]

Here's a little bit of that history.

## Alternatives { #alternatives }

Sebastián Ramírez <******@****.***> 1735583217 +0000

# Witness Protocol Feature - Detailed Design Document

## 1. Overview

The SMB Witness Protocol enables rapid notification of resource changes in a clustered file server environment. It provides fast failover capabilities by allowing clients to register for notifications about server node availability, share movement, and other critical cluster events.

## 2. Protocol Specification Reference

- **MS-SWN**: Service Witness Protocol Specification

Saeye Lee <******@****.***> 1731012374 +0900

# SMB3 Lease Feature - Detailed Design Document

## 1. Overview

SMB3 leases provide a client caching mechanism that replaces the traditional oplock mechanism. Leases enable better performance through client-side caching while maintaining cache coherency across multiple clients.

## 2. Protocol Specification Reference

- **MS-SMB2 Section 2.2.13**: SMB2 CREATE Request with Lease Context
- **MS-SMB2 Section 2.2.14**: SMB2 CREATE Response with Lease State

# Directory Leasing Feature - Detailed Design Document

## 1. Overview

Directory leasing extends the SMB3 lease concept to directories, enabling client-side caching of directory metadata and change notifications. This significantly improves performance for applications that frequently enumerate directories or monitor directory changes.

## 2. Protocol Specification Reference

- **MS-SMB2 Section 2.2.13.2.12**: SMB2_CREATE_REQUEST_LEASE_V2 for directories

# Persistent Handles Feature - Detailed Design Document

## 1. Overview

Persistent handles (also known as durable handles) allow SMB3 connections to survive network disconnections, server reboots, and client reconnections. This feature is critical for enterprise reliability and seamless failover scenarios.

## 2. Protocol Specification Reference

- **MS-SMB2 Section 2.2.13.2.3**: SMB2_CREATE_DURABLE_HANDLE_REQUEST