# Custom Request and APIRoute class { #custom-request-and-apiroute-class }

In some cases, you may want to override the logic used by the `Request` and `APIRoute` classes.

In particular, this may be a good alternative to logic in a middleware.

For example, if you want to read or manipulate the request body before it is processed by your application.

/// danger

This is an "advanced" feature.

# 自訂 Request 與 APIRoute 類別 { #custom-request-and-apiroute-class }

在某些情況下，你可能想要覆寫 `Request` 與 `APIRoute` 類別所使用的邏輯。

特別是，這可能是替代中介軟體（middleware）中實作邏輯的一個好方法。

例如，如果你想在應用程式處理之前讀取或操作請求本文（request body）。

/// danger

這是進階功能。

如果你剛開始使用 **FastAPI**，可以先跳過本節。

///

## 使用情境 { #use-cases }

可能的使用情境包括：

* 將非 JSON 的請求本文轉換為 JSON（例如 [`msgpack`](https://msgpack.org/index.html)）。
* 解壓縮以 gzip 壓縮的請求本文。
* 自動記錄所有請求本文。

# 커스텀 Request 및 APIRoute 클래스 { #custom-request-and-apiroute-class }

일부 경우에는 `Request`와 `APIRoute` 클래스에서 사용되는 로직을 오버라이드하고 싶을 수 있습니다.

특히, 이는 middleware에 있는 로직의 좋은 대안이 될 수 있습니다.

예를 들어, 애플리케이션에서 처리되기 전에 요청 바디를 읽거나 조작하고 싶을 때가 그렇습니다.

/// danger | 위험

이 기능은 "고급" 기능입니다.

**FastAPI**를 이제 막 시작했다면 이 섹션은 건너뛰는 것이 좋습니다.

///

## 사용 사례 { #use-cases }

사용 사례에는 다음이 포함됩니다:

from collections.abc import Callable

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI, HTTPException, Request, Response
from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class ValidationErrorLoggingRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Response:
            try:

import time
from collections.abc import Callable

from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, Request, Response
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class TimedRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Response:
            before = time.time()

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items():
    return [{"item_id": "Foo"}]


def use_route_names_as_operation_ids(app: FastAPI) -> None:
    """
    Simplify operation IDs so that generated API clients have simpler function
    names.

    Should be called only after all routes have been added.
    """
    for route in app.routes:

from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class GzipRequest(Request):
    async def body(self) -> bytes:
        if not hasattr(self, "_body"):
            body = await super().body()
            if "gzip" in self.headers.getlist("Content-Encoding"):
                body = gzip.decompress(body)
            self._body = body
        return self._body


class GzipRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:

import pytest
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from starlette.routing import Route

app = FastAPI()


class APIRouteA(APIRoute):
    x_type = "A"


class APIRouteB(APIRoute):
    x_type = "B"


class APIRouteC(APIRoute):
    x_type = "C"


router_a = APIRouter(route_class=APIRouteA)

from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class GzipRequest(Request):
    async def body(self) -> bytes:
        if not hasattr(self, "_body"):
            body = await super().body()
            if "gzip" in self.headers.getlist("Content-Encoding"):
                body = gzip.decompress(body)
            self._body = body
        return self._body


class GzipRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, WebSocket, WebSocketDisconnect
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute, APIWebSocketRoute
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/users/{user_id}")
async def get_user(user_id: str, request: Request):
    route: APIRoute = request.scope["route"]
    return {"user_id": user_id, "path": route.path}


@app.websocket("/items/{item_id}")