**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.staticfiles` as `fastapi.staticfiles` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But it actually comes directly from Starlette.

///

### What is "Mounting" { #what-is-mounting }

"Mounting" means adding a complete "independent" application in a specific path, that then takes care of handling all the sub-paths.

If you need to have two independent FastAPI applications, with their own independent OpenAPI and their own docs UIs, you can have a main app and "mount" one (or more) sub-application(s).

## Mounting a **FastAPI** application { #mounting-a-fastapi-application }

"Mounting" means adding a completely "independent" application in a specific path, that then takes care of handling everything under that path, with the _path operations_ declared in that sub-application.

{* ../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial004.py hl[9] *}

and then it won't include it in the OpenAPI schema.

## Mounting a sub-application { #mounting-a-sub-application }

- github.com/moby/spdystream: [v0.4.0 → v0.5.0](https://github.com/moby/spdystream/compare/v0.4.0...v0.5.0)
- github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo: [v0.7.1 → v0.7.2](https://github.com/moby/sys/compare/mountinfo/v0.7.1...mountinfo/v0.7.2)
- github.com/mohae/deepcopy: [491d360 → c48cc78](https://github.com/mohae/deepcopy/compare/491d360...c48cc78)

- github.com/moby/spdystream: [v0.2.0 → v0.4.0](https://github.com/moby/spdystream/compare/v0.2.0...v0.4.0)
- github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo: [v0.6.2 → v0.7.1](https://github.com/moby/sys/compare/mountinfo/v0.6.2...mountinfo/v0.7.1)
- github.com/moby/term: [1aeaba8 → v0.5.0](https://github.com/moby/term/compare/1aeaba8...v0.5.0)

    elements.add(null);
    collection = getSubjectGenerator().create(elements.toArray());
    assertEquals(
        "A Set's hashCode() should be the sum of those of its elements (with "
            + "a null element counting as having a hash of zero).",
        expectedHashCode,
        getSet().hashCode());
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@link Method} instances for the test methods in this class which call {@code

 */
class DfsReferralTest {

    /**
     * Tests the default constructor of the DfsReferral class.
     * It verifies that a new DfsReferral object is initialized with its 'next'
     * property pointing to itself.
     */
    @Test
    void testDefaultConstructor() {
        // Given
        DfsReferral referral = new DfsReferral();

        // When / Then

    elements.add(null);
    collection = getSubjectGenerator().create(elements.toArray());
    assertEquals(
        "A Set's hashCode() should be the sum of those of its elements (with "
            + "a null element counting as having a hash of zero).",
        expectedHashCode,
        getSet().hashCode());
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@link Method} instances for the test methods in this class which call {@code

   * is precisely representable as a {@code double}, its {@code double} value will be returned;
   * otherwise, the rounding will choose between the two nearest representable values with {@code
   * mode}.
   *
   * <p>For the case of {@link RoundingMode#HALF_EVEN}, this implementation uses the IEEE 754

        result = NtlmMessage.readSecurityBuffer(data, 0);
        assertEquals(0, result.length, "Should return empty array for zero length buffer.");

        // Test with offset pointing to end of array (should result in empty array if length is 0)
        buffer.putShort(0, (short) 0);
        buffer.putShort(2, (short) 0);
        buffer.putInt(4, data.length);