}
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * Escapes special characters in a query string if escaping is enabled.
     * Replaces reserved characters with their escaped equivalents based on the Constants.RESERVED array.
     *
     * @param value the query string to escape
     * @return the escaped query string, or the original value if escaping is disabled
     */

       * since the Equivalence base type now implements this logic itself
       */
      assertTrue(item + " must be inequivalent to null", !equivalence.equivalent(item, null));
      assertTrue("null must be inequivalent to " + item, !equivalence.equivalent(null, item));
      assertTrue(item + " must be equivalent to itself", equivalence.equivalent(item, item));
      assertEquals(

    Predicate<@Nullable Object> isNull = Equivalence.equals().equivalentTo(null);
    assertFalse(isNull.apply("1"));
    assertFalse(isNull.apply("2"));
    assertTrue(isNull.apply(null));

    new EqualsTester()
        .addEqualityGroup(equalTo1, Equivalence.equals().equivalentTo("1"))
        .addEqualityGroup(isNull)
        .addEqualityGroup(Equivalence.identity().equivalentTo("1"))
        .testEquals();
  }

    Predicate<@Nullable Object> isNull = Equivalence.equals().equivalentTo(null);
    assertFalse(isNull.apply("1"));
    assertFalse(isNull.apply("2"));
    assertTrue(isNull.apply(null));

    new EqualsTester()
        .addEqualityGroup(equalTo1, Equivalence.equals().equivalentTo("1"))
        .addEqualityGroup(isNull)
        .addEqualityGroup(Equivalence.identity().equivalentTo("1"))
        .testEquals();
  }

 * additional documentation, including:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a
 *       href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained#equals-hashcode-and-graph-equivalence">
 *       {@code equals()}, {@code hashCode()}, and graph equivalence</a>
 *   <li><a href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained#synchronization">
 *       Synchronization policy</a>

   * directly against {@code equals()} rather than through the {@code Equivalence}.
   */
  private final Equivalence<? super T> equivalence;

  private final String relationshipName;
  private final String hashName;
  private final ItemReporter itemReporter;
  private final List<ImmutableList<T>> groups = new ArrayList<>();

  RelationshipTester(
      Equivalence<? super T> equivalence,
      String relationshipName,
      String hashName,

   * directly against {@code equals()} rather than through the {@code Equivalence}.
   */
  private final Equivalence<? super T> equivalence;

  private final String relationshipName;
  private final String hashName;
  private final ItemReporter itemReporter;
  private final List<ImmutableList<T>> groups = new ArrayList<>();

  RelationshipTester(
      Equivalence<? super T> equivalence,
      String relationshipName,
      String hashName,

          || (a = as[(n - 1) & hc[0]]) == null
          || !(uncontended = a.cas(v = a.value, v + x))) retryUpdate(x, hc, uncontended);
    }
  }

  /** Equivalent to {@code add(1)}. */
  @Override
  public void increment() {
    add(1L);
  }

  /** Equivalent to {@code add(-1)}. */
  public void decrement() {
    add(-1L);
  }

  /**

  enum Strength {
    STRONG {
      @Override
      Equivalence<Object> defaultEquivalence() {
        return Equivalence.equals();
      }
    },

    WEAK {
      @Override
      Equivalence<Object> defaultEquivalence() {
        return Equivalence.identity();
      }
    };

    /**
     * Returns the default equivalence strategy used to compare and hash keys or values referenced

  // actually implement BiPredicate, and CollectorTests expects a BiPredicate.
  static <C, E extends @Nullable Object, R extends Iterable<E>>
      BiPredicate<C, C> pairwiseOnResultOf(Function<C, R> arg) {
    Equivalence<C> equivalence = Equivalence.equals().<E>pairwise().onResultOf(arg);
    return equivalence::equivalent;
  }