The same way, this database wouldn't receive a Pydantic model (an object with attributes), only a `dict`.

You can use `jsonable_encoder` for that.

It receives an object, like a Pydantic model, and returns a JSON compatible version:

{* ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py hl[4,21] *}

In this example, it would convert the Pydantic model to a `dict`, and the `datetime` to a `str`.

    return values


async def request_body_to_args(
    body_fields: List[ModelField],
    received_body: Optional[Union[Dict[str, Any], FormData]],
    embed_body_fields: bool,
) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
    values: Dict[str, Any] = {}
    errors: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
    assert body_fields, "request_body_to_args() should be called with fields"

from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Sequence, Union

from fastapi import params
from fastapi._compat import Undefined
from fastapi.openapi.models import Example
from typing_extensions import Annotated, Doc, deprecated

_Unset: Any = Undefined


def Path(  # noqa: N802
    default: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            Default value if the parameter field is not set.

* The variable `items_s` is a `set`, and each of its items is of type `bytes`.

#### Dict

To define a `dict`, you pass 2 type parameters, separated by commas.

The first type parameter is for the keys of the `dict`.

The second type parameter is for the values of the `dict`:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial008_py39.py!}
```

# 응답을 직접 반환하기

**FastAPI**에서 *경로 작업(path operation)*을 생성할 때, 일반적으로 `dict`, `list`, Pydantic 모델, 데이터베이스 모델 등의 데이터를 반환할 수 있습니다.

기본적으로 **FastAPI**는 [JSON 호환 가능 인코더](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}에 설명된 `jsonable_encoder`를 사용해 해당 반환 값을 자동으로 `JSON`으로 변환합니다.

그런 다음, JSON 호환 데이터(예: `dict`)를 `JSONResponse`에 넣어 사용자의 응답을 전송하는 방식으로 처리됩니다.

그러나 *경로 작업*에서 `JSONResponse`를 직접 반환할 수도 있습니다.

예를 들어, 사용자 정의 헤더나 쿠키를 반환해야 하는 경우에 유용할 수 있습니다.

## Additional Response with `model`

You can pass to your *path operation decorators* a parameter `responses`.

It receives a `dict`: the keys are status codes for each response (like `200`), and the values are other `dict`s with the information for each of them.

Each of those response `dict`s can have a key `model`, containing a Pydantic model, just like `response_model`.

    [FastAPI docs for Security](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/security/).
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        flows: Annotated[
            Union[OAuthFlowsModel, Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]],
            Doc(
                """
                The dictionary of OAuth2 flows.
                """
            ),
        ] = OAuthFlowsModel(),
        scheme_name: Annotated[

#### `Dict`

Pour définir un `dict`, il faut lui passer 2 paramètres, séparés par une virgule (`,`).

Le premier paramètre de type est pour les clés et le second pour les valeurs du dictionnaire (`dict`).

{*../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial008.py hl[1,4] *}

Dans cet exemple :

* La variable `prices` est de type `dict` :
    * Les clés de ce dictionnaire sont de type `str`.

| `version` | `string` | A versão da API. Esta é a versão da sua aplicação, não do OpenAPI. Por exemplo, `2.5.0`. |
| `terms_of_service` | `str` | Uma URL para os Termos de Serviço da API. Se fornecido, deve ser uma URL. |

/// note | "Technical Details"

A `Request` has a `request.scope` attribute, that's just a Python `dict` containing the metadata related to the request.

A `Request` also has a `request.receive`, that's a function to "receive" the body of the request.

The `scope` `dict` and `receive` function are both part of the ASGI specification.