with:
          registry: gcr.io
          username: _json_key
          password: ${{ secrets.GCP_CREDS }}
      -
        name: Generate variables for cache busting and tag naming
        run: |
          echo "DATE=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
          # Converts r2.9 to just 2.9
          echo "REF=$(echo $GITHUB_REF_NAME | sed 's/r//g')" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"

          echo "TF_VERSION=${major_version}.${minor_version}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
          # Also get the current date to do cache busting. Assumes one day
          # is an ok range for rebuilds
          echo "DATE=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
        id: tf-version
      -
        name: Build and push
        id: docker_build

        with:
          registry: us-central1-docker.pkg.dev
          username: _json_key
          password: ${{ secrets.GCP_CREDS }}
      -
        name: Grab the date to do cache busting (assumes same day OK to keep)
        run: |
          echo "DATE=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
        id: date
      -

# Testing

Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.

It is based on <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, which in turn is designed based on Requests, so it's very familiar and intuitive.

# Testing WebSockets

You can use the same `TestClient` to test WebSockets.

For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebSocket:

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note

For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.

# Testing Dependencies with Overrides

## Overriding dependencies during testing

There are some scenarios where you might want to override a dependency during testing.

You don't want the original dependency to run (nor any of the sub-dependencies it might have).

# Testing a Database

You can study about databases, SQL, and SQLModel in the <a href="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">SQLModel docs</a>. 🤓

There's a mini <a href="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/tutorial/fastapi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">tutorial on using SQLModel with FastAPI</a>. ✨

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "Nota"

Para mais detalhes, confira a documentação do Starlette para <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testar WebSockets</a>.

# Testing Events: startup - shutdown

When you need your event handlers (`startup` and `shutdown`) to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with a `with` statement:

```Python hl_lines="9-12  20-24"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial003.py!}

为此，要在 `with` 语句中使用 `TestClient` 连接 WebSocket。

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "笔记"

更多细节详见 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette 官档 - 测试 WebSockets</a>。