async def _shutdown(self) -> None:
        """
        Run any `.on_shutdown` event handlers.

        This method is kept for backward compatibility after Starlette removed
        support for on_startup/on_shutdown handlers.

        Ref: https://github.com/Kludex/starlette/pull/3117
        """
        for handler in self.on_shutdown:
            if is_async_callable(handler):

    ExecutorService service = mock(ExecutorService.class);
    application.addDelayedShutdownHook(service, 2, SECONDS);
    verify(service, never()).shutdown();
    application.shutdown();
    InOrder shutdownFirst = inOrder(service);
    shutdownFirst.verify(service).shutdown();
    shutdownFirst.verify(service).awaitTermination(2, SECONDS);
  }

    ExecutorService service = mock(ExecutorService.class);
    application.addDelayedShutdownHook(service, 2, SECONDS);
    verify(service, never()).shutdown();
    application.shutdown();
    InOrder shutdownFirst = inOrder(service);
    shutdownFirst.verify(service).shutdown();
    shutdownFirst.verify(service).awaitTermination(2, SECONDS);
  }

    assertFalse(testExecutor.isTerminated());
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("isTerminated");
    assertFalse(testExecutor.isShutdown());
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("isShutdown");
    testExecutor.shutdown();
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("shutdown");
    List<Runnable> list = testExecutor.shutdownNow();
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("shutdownNow");
    assertEquals(ImmutableList.of(), list);
  }

    assertFalse(testExecutor.isTerminated());
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("isTerminated");
    assertFalse(testExecutor.isShutdown());
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("isShutdown");
    testExecutor.shutdown();
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("shutdown");
    List<Runnable> list = testExecutor.shutdownNow();
    mock.assertLastMethodCalled("shutdownNow");
    assertEquals(ImmutableList.of(), list);
  }

  /** Simple same thread listening executor service that doesn't handle shutdown. */
  private static class TestListeningExecutorService extends AbstractListeningExecutorService {

    @Override
    public void execute(Runnable runnable) {
      assertThat(runnable).isInstanceOf(TrustedListenableFutureTask.class);
      runnable.run();
    }

    @Override
    public void shutdown() {}

    @Override
    public List<Runnable> shutdownNow() {

  /** Simple same thread listening executor service that doesn't handle shutdown. */
  private static class TestListeningExecutorService extends AbstractListeningExecutorService {

    @Override
    public void execute(Runnable runnable) {
      assertThat(runnable).isInstanceOf(TrustedListenableFutureTask.class);
      runnable.run();
    }

    @Override
    public void shutdown() {}

    @Override
    public List<Runnable> shutdownNow() {

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutorShutdown() {
    ListeningScheduledExecutorService executor = TestingExecutors.noOpScheduledExecutor();
    assertFalse(executor.isShutdown());
    assertFalse(executor.isTerminated());
    executor.shutdown();
    assertTrue(executor.isShutdown());
    assertTrue(executor.isTerminated());
  }

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutorInvokeAll() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutorShutdown() {
    ListeningScheduledExecutorService executor = TestingExecutors.noOpScheduledExecutor();
    assertFalse(executor.isShutdown());
    assertFalse(executor.isTerminated());
    executor.shutdown();
    assertTrue(executor.isShutdown());
    assertTrue(executor.isTerminated());
  }

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutorInvokeAll() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isShutdown() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isTerminated() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public void shutdown() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override