Range<C> range = ranges.get(index);
      return range.contains(value) ? range : null;
    }
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  public Range<C> span() {
    if (ranges.isEmpty()) {
      throw new NoSuchElementException();
    }
    return Range.create(ranges.get(0).lowerBound, ranges.get(ranges.size() - 1).upperBound);
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isEmpty() {
    return ranges.isEmpty();

  @Override
  public boolean encloses(Range<C> range) {
    checkNotNull(range);
    Entry<Cut<C>, Range<C>> floorEntry = rangesByLowerBound.floorEntry(range.lowerBound);
    return floorEntry != null && floorEntry.getValue().encloses(range);
  }

  private @Nullable Range<C> rangeEnclosing(Range<C> range) {
    checkNotNull(range);
    Entry<Cut<C>, Range<C>> floorEntry = rangesByLowerBound.floorEntry(range.lowerBound);

   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null
   * types (or if the type is a non-variable type, like {@code String}), then code should almost
   * never use this method, preferring instead to call {@code requireNonNull} so as to benefit from

   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null
   * types (or if the type is a non-variable type, like {@code String}), then code should almost
   * never use this method, preferring instead to call {@code requireNonNull} so as to benefit from

     * <p>
     * This method fetches character mapping items with pagination support and updates
     * the pager with the current page information including total count and page ranges.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param dictId the dictionary ID to retrieve character mappings from
     * @param charMappingPager the pager object containing pagination parameters

  @GwtIncompatible // java.math.BigInteger
  public void testMean() {
    // Odd-sized ranges have an obvious mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 3);

    assertMean(-2, -3, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 1);
    assertMean(1, -1, 3);
    assertMean((1 << 30) - 1, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE);

    // Even-sized ranges should prefer the lower mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 4);
    assertMean(-3, -4, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 2);

   * works better than Ordering.natural().nullsFirst() because, if null comes before all other
   * values, it lies outside the submap/submultiset ranges we test, and the variety of tests that
   * exercise null handling fail on those subcollections.
   */
  public abstract static class NullsBefore implements Comparator<@Nullable String>, Serializable {

  @GwtIncompatible // java.math.BigInteger
  public void testMean() {
    // Odd-sized ranges have an obvious mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 3);

    assertMean(-2, -3, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 1);
    assertMean(1, -1, 3);
    assertMean((1L << 62) - 1, -1, Long.MAX_VALUE);

    // Even-sized ranges should prefer the lower mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 4);
    assertMean(-3, -4, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 2);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean matches(char c) {
      return c <= '\u007f';
    }
  }

  /** Implementation that matches characters that fall within multiple ranges. */
  private static class RangesMatcher extends CharMatcher {

    private final String description;
    private final char[] rangeStarts;
    private final char[] rangeEnds;

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