for (int remaining = len; remaining >= 3; remaining -= 3) {
        int chunk = (bytes[i++] & 0xFF) << 16 | (bytes[i++] & 0xFF) << 8 | bytes[i++] & 0xFF;
        target.append(alphabet.encode(chunk >>> 18));
        target.append(alphabet.encode((chunk >>> 12) & 0x3F));
        target.append(alphabet.encode((chunk >>> 6) & 0x3F));
        target.append(alphabet.encode(chunk & 0x3F));
      }
      if (i < off + len) {

    }

    // ensures that the number of invocations looks sane
    void assertInvariants(int expectedBytes) {
      // we should have seen as many bytes as the next multiple of chunk after expectedBytes - 1
      assertEquals(out.toByteArray().length, ceilToMultiple(expectedBytes, chunkSize));
      assertEquals(expectedBytes / chunkSize, processCalled);

   * without being so large that it causes problems for systems with atypical memory management if
   * approaches 2 or 3 are used.
   */
  private static final int ZERO_COPY_CHUNK_SIZE = 512 * 1024;

  private ByteStreams() {}

  /**
   * Copies all bytes from the input stream to the output stream. Does not close or flush either
   * stream.
   *

    assertThat(out.toByteArray()).isEqualTo(expected);
  }


  public void testCopyFileChannel() throws IOException {
    final int chunkSize = 14407; // Random prime, unlikely to match any internal chunk size
    ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    WritableByteChannel outChannel = Channels.newChannel(out);

    File testFile = createTempFile();
    byte[] dummyData = newPreFilledByteArray(chunkSize);

    }

    // ensures that the number of invocations looks sane
    void assertInvariants(int expectedBytes) {
      // we should have seen as many bytes as the next multiple of chunk after expectedBytes - 1
      assertEquals(out.toByteArray().length, ceilToMultiple(expectedBytes, chunkSize));
      assertEquals(expectedBytes / chunkSize, processCalled);

    assertThat(out.toByteArray()).isEqualTo(expected);
  }


  public void testCopyFileChannel() throws IOException {
    final int chunkSize = 14407; // Random prime, unlikely to match any internal chunk size
    ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    WritableByteChannel outChannel = Channels.newChannel(out);

    File testFile = createTempFile();
    byte[] dummyData = newPreFilledByteArray(chunkSize);

   * {@link Splitter}.
   *
   * @since 10.0
   */
  public static final class MapSplitter {
    private static final String INVALID_ENTRY_MESSAGE = "Chunk [%s] is not a valid entry";
    private final Splitter outerSplitter;
    private final Splitter entrySplitter;

    private MapSplitter(Splitter outerSplitter, Splitter entrySplitter) {

import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for TestingExecutors.
 *
 * @author Eric Chang
 */
public class TestingExecutorsTest extends TestCase {
  private volatile boolean taskDone;

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutor() throws InterruptedException {
    taskDone = false;
    Runnable task =

   * {@link Splitter}.
   *
   * @since 10.0
   */
  public static final class MapSplitter {
    private static final String INVALID_ENTRY_MESSAGE = "Chunk [%s] is not a valid entry";
    private final Splitter outerSplitter;
    private final Splitter entrySplitter;

    private MapSplitter(Splitter outerSplitter, Splitter entrySplitter) {

import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for TestingExecutors.
 *
 * @author Eric Chang
 */
public class TestingExecutorsTest extends TestCase {
  private volatile boolean taskDone;

  public void testNoOpScheduledExecutor() throws InterruptedException {
    taskDone = false;
    Runnable task =