{"name": "baz", "price": "baz"},
    ]


client = TestClient(app)


def test_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalid")


def test_invalid_none():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalidnone")


def test_valid_none_data():
    response = client.get("/items/validnone")

    assert response.json() == "plumbus"


def test_internal_error(client: TestClient):
    from docs_src.dependencies.tutorial008d_an import InternalError

    with pytest.raises(InternalError) as exc_info:
        client.get("/items/portal-gun")
    assert (
        exc_info.value.args[0] == "The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by Rick"
    )


def test_internal_server_error():

* It takes each **request** that comes to your application.
* It can then do something to that **request** or run any needed code.
* Then it passes the **request** to be processed by the rest of the application (by some *path operation*).
* It then takes the **response** generated by the application (by some *path operation*).

    field_info: Optional[FieldInfo] = None,
    alias: Optional[str] = None,
    mode: Literal["validation", "serialization"] = "validation",
) -> ModelField:
    """
    Create a new response field. Raises if type_ is invalid.
    """
    class_validators = class_validators or {}
    if PYDANTIC_V2:
        field_info = field_info or FieldInfo(
            annotation=type_, default=default, alias=alias
        )

Donc, l'URL pour ce fichier pourrait être : `/files/home/johndoe/myfile.txt`.

### Support d'OpenAPI

OpenAPI ne supporte pas de manière de déclarer un paramètre de chemin contenant un *chemin*, cela pouvant causer des scénarios difficiles à tester et définir.

Néanmoins, cela reste faisable dans **FastAPI**, via les outils internes de Starlette.

Et c'est le même niveau de performance que celui obtenu avec **FastAPI**.

    ]


client = TestClient(app)


def test_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalid")


def test_double_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/innerinvalid")


def test_invalid_list():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


# TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
def test_upload_file_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        UploadFile.validate("not a Starlette UploadFile")


def test_upload_file_invalid_pydantic_v2():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        UploadFile._validate("not a Starlette UploadFile", {})


def test_default_placeholder_equals():

    * ...et autres.

Toutes les validations sont gérées par le bien établi et robuste **Pydantic**.

### Sécurité et authentification

La sécurité et l'authentification sont intégrées. Sans aucun compromis avec les bases de données ou les modèles de données.

Tous les protocoles de sécurités sont définis dans OpenAPI, incluant:

* HTTP Basic.

        "name": "modelA",
        "description": "model-a-desc",
        "foo": {"username": "test-user"},
    }


@needs_pydanticv2
def test_validator_is_cloned(client: TestClient):
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError) as err:
        client.get("/model/modelX")
    assert err.value.errors() == [
        IsDict(
            {
                "type": "value_error",
                "loc": ("response", "name"),