* }
   * }</pre>
   *
   * <p>Note that if any input list is empty, the Cartesian product will also be empty. If no lists
   * at all are provided (an empty list), the resulting Cartesian product has one element, an empty
   * list (counter-intuitive, but mathematically consistent).
   *
   * <p><i>Performance notes:</i> while the cartesian product of lists of size {@code m, n, p} is a

      // If it won't fit in a long, then we store off the intermediate product.
      if (normalizedBits + productBits >= Long.SIZE) {
        bignums.add(BigInteger.valueOf(product));
        product = 1;
        productBits = 0;
      }
      product *= normalizedNum;
      productBits = LongMath.log2(product, FLOOR) + 1;
    }
    // Check for leftovers.
    if (product > 1) {
      bignums.add(BigInteger.valueOf(product));
    }

   * }
   * }</pre>
   *
   * <p>Note that if any input set is empty, the Cartesian product will also be empty. If no sets at
   * all are provided (an empty list), the resulting Cartesian product has one element, an empty
   * list (counter-intuitive, but mathematically consistent).
   *
   * <p><i>Performance notes:</i> while the cartesian product of sets of size {@code m, n, p} is a

  public static int checkedSubtract(int a, int b) {
    long result = (long) a - b;
    checkNoOverflow(result == (int) result, "checkedSubtract", a, b);
    return (int) result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the product of {@code a} and {@code b}, provided it does not overflow.
   *
   * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code a * b} overflows in signed {@code int} arithmetic
   */
  public static int checkedMultiply(int a, int b) {

    checkState(count() > 1);
    return sumOfProductsOfDeltas / (count() - 1);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CorrelationCoefficient.html">Pearson's or
   * product-moment correlation coefficient</a> of the values. The count must greater than one, and
   * the {@code x} and {@code y} values must both have non-zero population variance (i.e. {@code

        axesSizeProduct[i] = IntMath.checkedMultiply(axesSizeProduct[i + 1], axes.get(i).size());
      }
    } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "Cartesian product too large; must have size at most Integer.MAX_VALUE");
    }
    this.axesSizeProduct = axesSizeProduct;
  }

  private int getAxisIndexForProductIndex(int index, int axis) {

  public static long checkedSubtract(long a, long b) {
    long result = a - b;
    checkNoOverflow((a ^ b) >= 0 | (a ^ result) >= 0, "checkedSubtract", a, b);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the product of {@code a} and {@code b}, provided it does not overflow.
   *
   * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code a * b} overflows in signed {@code long} arithmetic
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("ShortCircuitBoolean")

      // whose index in the sorted dataset equals the quotient; if there is a remainder, we
      // interpolate between that and the next value.

      // Since index and (dataset.length - 1) are non-negative ints, their product can be expressed
      // as a long, without risk of overflow:
      long numerator = (long) index * (dataset.length - 1);
      // Since scale is a positive int, index is in [0, scale], and (dataset.length - 1) is a

      fail();
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
    }
  }

  /** The 0-ary cartesian product is a single empty list. */
  public void testCartesianProduct_zeroary() {
    assertThat(Sets.cartesianProduct()).containsExactly(list());
  }

  /** A unary cartesian product is one list of size 1 for each element in the input set. */
  public void testCartesianProduct_unary() {

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