*      / | \
 *     /  e  \
 *    d       g
 *   /|\      |
 *  / | \     f
 * a  b  c
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>can be iterated over in preorder (hdabcegf), postorder (abcdefgh), or breadth-first order
 * (hdegabcf).
 *
 * <p>Null nodes are strictly forbidden.
 *
 * <p>Because this is an abstract class, not an interface, you can't use a lambda expression to
 * implement it:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * // won't work