DIRECT_ONLY, // Element can be added and removed only via direct calls, not through iterators
    ALL // Elements can be added and removed as well as modified.
  }

  /** Handles the creation of lists needed for the tests */
  public abstract static class ListExample {

    private final String name;
    private final Modifiability modifiability;

    TypeVariable<D> typeVariable =
        Reflection.newProxy(
            TypeVariable.class, new TypeVariableInvocationHandler(typeVariableImpl));
    return typeVariable;
  }

  /**
   * Invocation handler to work around a compatibility problem between Java 7 and Java 8.
   *
   * <p>Java 8 introduced a new method {@code getAnnotatedBounds()} in the {@link TypeVariable}

   * declaredType}. Example usage:
   *
   * <pre>
   * try {
   *   someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
   * } catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
   *   handle(e);
   * } catch (Throwable t) {
   *   Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, IOException.class);
   *   Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, SQLException.class);
   *   throw Throwables.propagate(t);
   * }
   * </pre>

   * declaredType}. Example usage:
   *
   * <pre>
   * try {
   *   someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
   * } catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
   *   handle(e);
   * } catch (Throwable t) {
   *   Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, IOException.class);
   *   Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, SQLException.class);
   *   throw Throwables.propagate(t);
   * }
   * </pre>

   *       you can decrease the number of tasks from 15 and 10, killing off the final 5 tasks, and
   *       {@code consistentHash} will handle it. If, however, you are dividing traffic among
   *       servers {@code alpha}, {@code bravo}, and {@code charlie} and you occasionally need to

    ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);

    out.writeObject(original);

    byte[] handle = toByteArray(baseWireHandle + handleOffset);
    byte[] ref = prepended(TC_REFERENCE, handle);
    bos.write(ref);

    return bos.toByteArray();
  }

  private static byte[] prepended(byte b, byte[] array) {
    byte[] out = new byte[array.length + 1];

      calculateNextPermutation();
      return next;
    }

    void calculateNextPermutation() {
      j = list.size() - 1;
      int s = 0;

      // Handle the special case of an empty list. Skip the calculation of the
      // next permutation.
      if (j == -1) {
        return;
      }

      while (true) {
        int q = c[j] + o[j];

  }

  /**
   * Returns the first element in {@code iterable} that satisfies the given predicate, or {@code
   * defaultValue} if none found. Note that this can usually be handled more naturally using {@code
   * tryFind(iterable, predicate).or(defaultValue)}.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@code
   * stream.filter(predicate).findFirst().orElse(defaultValue)}
   *

       * TODO(cpovirk): Consider removing @CheckForNull here, as we've done with the other methods'
       * errorMessageTemplate parameters: It is unlikely that callers intend for their string
       * template to be null (though we do handle that case gracefully at runtime). I've left this
       * one as it is because one of our users has defined a wrapper API around Preconditions,

    DIRECT_ONLY, // Element can be added and removed only via direct calls, not through iterators
    ALL // Elements can be added and removed as well as modified.
  }

  /** Handles the creation of lists needed for the tests */
  public abstract static class ListExample {

    private final String name;
    private final Modifiability modifiability;