}

    /**
     * Set the domain pattern for this cookie. The cookie will match [domain] and all of its
     * subdomains.
     */
    fun domain(domain: String): Builder = domain(domain, false)

    /**
     * Set the host-only domain for this cookie. The cookie will match [domain] but none of
     * its subdomains.
     */
    fun hostOnlyDomain(domain: String): Builder = domain(domain, true)

  private fun String.isAscii() = length == utf8Size().toInt()

  /**
   * Returns true if [hostname] matches the domain name [pattern].
   *
   * @param hostname lower-case host name.
   * @param pattern domain name pattern from certificate. May be a wildcard pattern such as
   *     `*.android.com`.
   */
  private fun verifyHostname(
    hostname: String?,

* **TCP weiß nichts über „<abbr title="Domäne, Bereich, Wirkungsraum">Domains</abbr>“**. Nur über IP-Adressen.
    * Die Informationen über die angeforderte **spezifische Domain** befinden sich in den **HTTP-Daten**.
* Die **HTTPS-Zertifikate** „zertifizieren“ eine **bestimmte Domain**, aber das Protokoll und die Verschlüsselung erfolgen auf TCP-Ebene, **ohne zu wissen**, um welche Domain es sich handelt.

  ) {
    fun writeOut(sink: BufferedSink) {
      with(sink) {
        writeInt(totalRuleBytes)
        for (domain in sortedRules) {
          write(domain).writeByte(NEWLINE)
        }
        writeInt(totalExceptionRuleBytes)
        for (domain in sortedExceptionRules) {
          write(domain).writeByte(NEWLINE)
        }
      }
    }
  }

    val toAddress =
      when (addressType) {
        ADDRESS_TYPE_IPV4 -> {
          InetAddress.getByAddress(fromSource.readByteArray(4L))
        }

        ADDRESS_TYPE_DOMAIN_NAME -> {
          val domainNameLength: Int = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
          val domainName = fromSource.readUtf8(domainNameLength.toLong())
          // Resolve HOSTNAME_THAT_ONLY_THE_PROXY_KNOWS to localhost.

 */
package okhttp3.internal.idn

import okio.Buffer
import okio.ByteString.Companion.encodeUtf8

/**
 * An [RFC 3492] punycode decoder for converting ASCII to Unicode domain name labels. This is
 * intended for use in Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs).
 *
 * This class contains a Kotlin implementation of the pseudocode specified by RFC 3492. It includes
 * direct translation of the pseudocode presented there.
 *

# Security - First Steps

Let's imagine that you have your **backend** API in some domain.

And you have a **frontend** in another domain or in a different path of the same domain (or in a mobile application).

And you want to have a way for the frontend to authenticate with the backend, using a **username** and **password**.

We can use **OAuth2** to build that with **FastAPI**.

# Sicherheit – Erste Schritte

Stellen wir uns vor, dass Sie Ihre **Backend**-API auf einer Domain haben.

Und Sie haben ein **Frontend** auf einer anderen Domain oder in einem anderen Pfad derselben Domain (oder in einer mobilen Anwendung).

Und Sie möchten eine Möglichkeit haben, dass sich das Frontend mithilfe eines **Benutzernamens** und eines **Passworts** beim Backend authentisieren kann.

Wir können **OAuth2** verwenden, um das mit **FastAPI** zu erstellen.

  // IngressRuleValue. If the host is unspecified, the Ingress routes all
  // traffic based on the specified IngressRuleValue.
  //
  // host can be "precise" which is a domain name without the terminating dot of
  // a network host (e.g. "foo.bar.com") or "wildcard", which is a domain name
  // prefixed with a single wildcard label (e.g. "*.foo.com").
  // The wildcard character '*' must appear by itself as the first DNS label and

  // IngressRuleValue. If the host is unspecified, the Ingress routes all
  // traffic based on the specified IngressRuleValue.
  //
  // host can be "precise" which is a domain name without the terminating dot of
  // a network host (e.g. "foo.bar.com") or "wildcard", which is a domain name
  // prefixed with a single wildcard label (e.g. "*.foo.com").
  // The wildcard character '*' must appear by itself as the first DNS label and