## Override the default exception handlers

**FastAPI** has some default exception handlers.

These handlers are in charge of returning the default JSON responses when you `raise` an `HTTPException` and when the request has invalid data.

You can override these exception handlers with your own.

### Override request validation exceptions

{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py!}
```

In this case, the `startup` event handler function will initialize the items "database" (just a `dict`) with some values.

You can add more than one event handler function.

And your application won't start receiving requests until all the `startup` event handlers have completed.

### `shutdown` event

假设要触发的自定义异常叫作 `UnicornException`。

且需要 FastAPI 实现全局处理该异常。

此时，可以用 `@app.exception_handler()` 添加自定义异常控制器：

```Python hl_lines="5-7  13-18  24"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial003.py!}

```

请求 `/unicorns/yolo` 时，路径操作会触发 `UnicornException`。

但该异常将会被 `unicorn_exception_handler` 处理。

接收到的错误信息清晰明了，HTTP 状态码为 `418`，JSON 内容如下：

```JSON

So, you will be able to see it all in the interactive API docs.

## Connect and disconnect

* Create your `FastAPI` application.
* Create event handlers to connect and disconnect from the database.

```Python hl_lines="42  45-47  50-52"
{!../../../docs_src/async_sql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
```

## Read notes

Create the *path operation function* to read notes:

& 👆 💚 🍵 👉 ⚠ 🌐 ⏮️ FastAPI.

👆 💪 🚮 🛃 ⚠ 🐕‍🦺 ⏮️ `@app.exception_handler()`:

```Python hl_lines="5-7  13-18  24"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial003.py!}
```

📥, 🚥 👆 📨 `/unicorns/yolo`, *➡ 🛠️* 🔜 `raise` `UnicornException`.

✋️ ⚫️ 🔜 🍵 `unicorn_exception_handler`.

, 👆 🔜 📨 🧹 ❌, ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍 👔 📟 `418` & 🎻 🎚:

```JSON

    opt raise
        dep -->> handler: Raise HTTPException
        handler -->> client: HTTP error response
        dep -->> dep: Raise other exception
    end
    dep ->> operation: Run dependency, e.g. DB session
    opt raise
        operation -->> dep: Raise HTTPException
        dep -->> handler: Auto forward exception
        handler -->> client: HTTP error response

そして、この例外をFastAPIでグローバルに処理したいと思います。

カスタム例外ハンドラを`@app.exception_handler()`で追加することができます:

```Python hl_lines="5 6 7  13 14 15 16 17 18  24"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial003.py!}
```

ここで、`/unicorns/yolo`をリクエストすると、*path operation*は`UnicornException`を`raise`します。

しかし、これは`unicorn_exception_handler`で処理されます。

そのため、HTTPステータスコードが`418`で、JSONの内容が以下のような明確なエラーを受け取ることになります:

```JSON

!!! tip

    在`yield`之前仍然可以引发包括`HTTPException`在内的异常，但在`yield`之后则不行。

执行的顺序大致如下图所示。时间从上到下流动。每列都是相互交互或执行代码的其中一部分。

```mermaid
sequenceDiagram

participant client as Client
participant handler as Exception handler
participant dep as Dep with yield
participant operation as Path Operation

```Python hl_lines="5-7  13-18  24"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial003.py!}
```

Nesse cenário, se você fizer uma requisição para `/unicorns/yolo`, a *operação de caminho* vai lançar (`raise`) o `UnicornException`.

Essa exceção será manipulada, contudo, pelo `unicorn_exception_handler`.

Sie könnten einen benutzerdefinierten Exceptionhandler mittels `@app.exception_handler()` hinzufügen:

```Python hl_lines="5-7  13-18  24"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial003.py!}
```

Wenn Sie nun `/unicorns/yolo` anfragen, `raise`d die *Pfadoperation* eine `UnicornException`.

Aber diese wird von `unicorn_exception_handler` gehandhabt.