*
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets#ISO_8859_1} instead.
   *
   */
  public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

  /**
   * UTF-8: eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link

   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Integer#toUnsignedString(int)} instead.
   */
  public static String toString(int x) {
    return toString(x, 10);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a string representation of {@code x} for the given radix, where {@code x} is treated as
   * unsigned.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Integer#toUnsignedString(int, int)} instead.
   *

@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class Functions {
  private Functions() {}

  /**
   * A function equivalent to the method reference {@code Object::toString}, for users not yet using
   * Java 8. The function simply invokes {@code toString} on its argument and returns the result. It
   * throws a {@link NullPointerException} on null input.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> The returned function may not be <i>consistent with equals</i> (as

   *   <li>{@code false} in all other situations.
   * </ul>
   *
   * <p>This assumes that any non-null objects passed to this function conform to the {@code
   * equals()} contract.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> This method should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.util.Objects#equals} instead.
   */
  public static boolean equal(@CheckForNull Object a, @CheckForNull Object b) {

 *       look for any annotation named, e.g., "GwtIncompatible," regardless of package.
 *   <li>An annotation named just "Suppress" might suggest to users that the test is suppressed
 *       under all environments. We could fight this by fully qualifying the annotation, but the
 *       result will be verbose and attention-grabbing.

      // For these users fallback to a suboptimal implementation, based on synchronized. This will
      // be a definite performance hit to those users.
      thrownReflectionFailure = reflectionFailure;
      helper = new SynchronizedAtomicHelper();
    }
    ATOMIC_HELPER = helper;
    // Log after all static init is finished; if an installed logger uses any Futures methods, it

 * {@code Iterable}. Except as noted, each method has a corresponding {@link Iterator}-based method
 * in the {@link Iterators} class.
 *
 * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> several common uses for this class are now more comprehensively
 * addressed by the new {@link java.util.stream.Stream} library. Read the method documentation below

 * existing users, but it can't *fix* existing users because any users who needed
 * `Function<@Nullable A, @Nullable B>` already had to find a workaround. Still, there is a *ton* of
 * fallout from trying to switch. I would be shocked if the switch would offer benefits to anywhere
 * near enough users to justify the costs.
 *

 *       look for any annotation named, e.g., "GwtIncompatible," regardless of package.
 *   <li>An annotation named just "Suppress" might suggest to users that the test is suppressed
 *       under all environments. We could fight this by fully qualifying the annotation, but the
 *       result will be verbose and attention-grabbing.

   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets#ISO_8859_1} instead.
   *
   */
  public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

  /**
   * UTF-8: eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link