absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle* const> grad_outputs,
                 absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle*> grad_inputs) override {
    /* Given upstream grad U and a BiasAdd: A + bias, the gradients are:
     *
     *    dA = U
     *    dbias = reduceSum(U, dims = channel_dim)
     */

    AbstractTensorHandle* upstream_grad = grad_outputs[0];
    DCHECK(upstream_grad);

// `src_inputs[i]` will have that input replaced with `dst_inputs[i]`.  `prefix`
// will be prepended to copied node names. `control_deps` are nodes in
// `dst_graph` that the copied `src_graph` nodes will have control dependencies
// on. `return_nodes` are nodes in `src_graph`, and the new corresponding nodes
// in `dst_graph` will be returned. `return_nodes` must be non-null.

  auto* optimizer_options =
      config.mutable_graph_options()->mutable_optimizer_options();
  if (enable) {
    optimizer_options->set_global_jit_level(tensorflow::OptimizerOptions::ON_1);

    // These XLA flags are needed to trigger XLA properly from C (more generally
    // non-Python) clients. If this API is called again with `enable` set to
    // false, it is safe to keep these flag values as is.

    return;
  } else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
    TF_SetStatus(status, TF_FAILED_PRECONDITION, "source path is a directory");
    return;
  }

  // Do the actual rename. Here both arguments are filenames.
  if (rename(src, dst) != 0)
    TF_SetStatusFromIOError(status, errno, dst);
  else
    TF_SetStatus(status, TF_OK, "");
}

static void CopyFile(const TF_Filesystem* filesystem, const char* src,

                 absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle* const> grad_outputs,
                 absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle*> grad_inputs) override {
    /* Given upstream grad U and a matmul op A*B, the gradients are:
     *
     *    dA = U * B.T
     *    dB = A.T * U
     *
     *    where A.T means `transpose(A)`
     */
    AbstractTensorHandle* upstream_grad = grad_outputs[0];

    // Get transpose attrs

    const char* fn_name = "test_fn";
    core::RefCountPtr<AbstractFunction> scoped_func;
    // Returning null tensors from a tf.function is not supported, so we keep
    // track of indices in the model's outputs are nullptr in this set.
    // The FunctionDef only outputs the non-null tensors. We later pad the
    // function op outputs to have nullptrs at the `null_indices`.
    absl::flat_hash_set<int> null_indices;
    {

  }
  ~GraphOperation() override {}

 private:
  friend class GraphContext;  // For access to op_.
  TF_Graph* g_;
  std::unique_ptr<TF_OperationDescription> op_;
  // Hold `op_type` and `op_name` till both are available since we need both
  // to build a graph operation.
  string op_type_;
  const char* op_name_ = nullptr;
  // TODO(srbs): Use this.
  string device_name_;
};

// TODO(b/291142876) Simplify TFE_ContextSetServerDefWithTimeoutAndRetries and
// TFE_ContextUpdateServerDefWithTimeout to be simple wrappers around the same
// C++ function.
// Retries are used for CreateContext calls, which is used in
// ParameterServerStrategy initialization to be robust to worker preemption.
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TFE_ContextSetServerDefWithTimeoutAndRetries(

  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::StrContains(s, expected))
      << "'" << s << "' does not contain '" << expected << "'";
}

// Returns the GPU device name if there is one (with arbitrary tie breaking if
// there are more than one), or "" otherwise.
string GPUDeviceName(TF_Session* session) {
  std::unique_ptr<TF_Status, decltype(&TF_DeleteStatus)> status(
      TF_NewStatus(), TF_DeleteStatus);
  TF_Status* s = status.get();