if (result.hasErrors()) {
                hasErrors = true;
            }
        }
        return new Result<>(hasErrors, (Iterable<T>) modelsList, problemsList);
    }

    // helper to determine if problems contain error
    private static boolean hasErrors(Iterable<? extends ModelProblem> problems) {
        for (ModelProblem input : problems) {
            if (input.getSeverity().equals(Severity.ERROR)