// `dx` must be nullptr or have size `ny`.
// If `dx` is nullptr, the implementation will use dx of `OnesLike` for all
// shapes in `y`.
// The partial derivatives are returned in `dy`. `dy` should be allocated to
// size `nx`.
//
// Gradient nodes are automatically named under the "gradients/" prefix. To
// guarantee name uniqueness, subsequent calls to the same graph will