Fixed a situation when, sometimes, the scheduler incorrectly placed a pod in the `unschedulable` queue instead of the `backoff` queue. This happened when some plugin previously declared the pod as `unschedulable` and then in a later attempt encounters some other error. Scheduling of that pod then got delayed by up to five minutes, after which periodic flushing moved the pod back into the `active` queue. ([#120334](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/120334), [@pohly](https://github.com/pohly))...

  Now, when unschedulable Pods are updated, the scheduling queue checks with QueueingHint(s) whether the update may make the pods schedulable, and requeues them to activeQ/backoffQ **only when** at least one QueueingHint(s) return Queue. 
  
  Action required for custom scheduler plugin developers:

- Sometimes, the scheduler incorrectly placed a pod in the "unschedulable" queue instead of the "backoff" queue. This happened when some plugin previously declared the pod as "unschedulable" and then in a later attempt encounters some other error. Scheduling of that pod then got delayed by up to five minutes, after which periodic flushing moved the pod back into the "active" queue. ([#120334](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/120334), [@pohly](https://github.com/pohly))...

  When the scheduling queue receives a cluster event, before moving each Pod from unschedulable pod pool to activeQ/backoffQ, it will call QueueingHintFn of plugins that rejected each Pod in the previous scheduling cycle.
  Depending on the value returned from QueueingHintFn, the scheduling queue changes how it queues each Pod:
  - if more than one QueueingHintFn returns QueueImmediately, it queues Pod to activeQ.

- Fixes the bug in PodTopologySpread that only happens with QHint enabled, 

- Sometimes, the scheduler incorrectly placed a pod in the "unschedulable" queue instead of the "backoff" queue. This happened when some plugin previously declared the pod as "unschedulable" and then in a later attempt encounters some other error. Scheduling of that pod then got delayed by up to five minutes, after which periodic flushing moved the pod back into the "active" queue. ([#120334](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/120334), [@pohly](https://github.com/pohly))...

- Previously, the scheduling queue didn't notice any extenders' failures, potentially resulting in missed cluster events and Pods rejected by Extenders being stuck in the unschedulable pod pool for up to 5 minutes in the worst-case scenario. Now, the scheduling queue notices extenders' failures and requeues Pods rejected by Extenders appropriately.

### Scheduling

- Improved fairness of the scheduling queue by placing pods which are attempted recently behind other pods with the same priority. ([#73700](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/73700), [@denkensk](https://github.com/denkensk))

- Sometimes, the scheduler incorrectly placed a pod in the "unschedulable" queue instead of the "backoff" queue. This happened when some plugin previously declared the pod as "unschedulable" and then in a later attempt encounters some other error. Scheduling of that pod then got delayed by up to five minutes, after which periodic flushing moved the pod back into the "active" queue. ([#120334](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/120334), [@pohly](https://github.com/pohly))...

- Implement the scheduling framework with `Reserve`, `Prebind`, `Permit`, `Post-bind`, `Queue sort` and `Unreserve` extension points.
([#77567](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/77567), [@wgliang](https://github.com/wgliang))